Comparative Study of Channel Coding Schemes for 5G

Abstract

Channel coding is required to correct transmission errors that are caused by noise, interference and poor signal strength. 3G and 4G systems already used turbo code for error correction. 3GPP and other standardization bodies are currently debating whether to use Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) or polar code instead in 5G. In this paper we look into 5G requirements for channel coding and review candidate channel coding schemes for 5G. A comparative study is presented for possible channel coding candidates of 5G covering Convolutional, Turbo, LDPC, and Polar codes. It seems that polar code with Successive Cancellation List (SCL) decoding using small list length (such as 8) is a promising choice for short message lengths (≤ 128 bits) due to its error performance and relatively low complexity. Adopting non-binary LDPC can provide good performance on the expense of increased complexity but with better spectral efficiency. Considering the implementation, polar code with decoding algorithms based on SCL required small area and low power consumption when compared to LDPC codes. For larger message lengths (≥ 256 bits) turbo code can provide better performance at low coding rates (<1/2).

Ber Performance of Joint Polar Coded Signal and Mimo Using Millimeter Wave

“…The forward error correction code adopted in the model is the polar code which is considered as candidate for 5G system [17]. Polar code is a list of codes that utilizing the channel polarization by using the fact that channel can be polarized into reliable and unreliable channels.…”

“…For polar code, with block length of N and list size of L in SCL decoder, the decoding complexity is O(L.N.N) [14]. To enhance the error correction performance, polar codes are concatenated with a high rate Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code [17]. A polar code with (N, K) of (256,128) resulting in coding rate of Âoe is used in the model with CRC as given in reference [20].…”

Adaptive Reduced Paths Successive Cancellation List Decoding for Polar Codes

“…Thus, the number of paths is duplicated for each decoding bit. Polar codes with SCL-CRC contending with other modern channel coding schemes such as low-density parity-check (LDPC) code and turbo code [4][5][6][7]. Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) is a 5G use case that used polar codes with an SCL-CRC decoder to encode the control information.…”

“…Further, for the 400MHz fading channel case, the decoder complexity is reduced from about 5.9 and 20 paths with RP-SCL to about 5.2 and 17 paths with ARP-SCL for list size of 8 and 32 respectively.Tables II and III show the percentage reduction in L av achieved by RP-SCL and the proposed ARP-SCL decoders as compared to the SCL decoder for list sizes of 8 and 32, respectively, for different SNR regions and channels. The percentage reduction in L av (C P R ) is determined by(6)…”

Reduced Path Successive Cancellation List Decoding for Polar Codes

“…Polar codes with an SCL decoder compete in performance with other modern channel coding schemes [7][8]. The improvement in performance achieved by SCL is at the cost of increasing the decoding complexity from O(N.log 2 N) to O(L.N.log 2 N).…”