Comparative study of bacterial leaching of metals from sewage sludge in continuous stirred tank and air-lift reactors

Tyagi, R. D.; Couillard, Denis; Tran, F.T.

doi:10.1016/0032-9592(91)80007-c

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Using both airlift and continuous stirred tank reactors, heavy metals in anaerobically digested sludge have been readily solubilized to the recommended level at a residence time of 0.75 day. 15 However, a literature survey reveals that most of the studies on the microbial leaching of heavy metals have employed sewage sludge obtained directly from a digestion reactor in wastewater treatment facilities. [2][3][4][5][6][7]14,15 This sewage sludge has a low solids content, less than 4% (w/v).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 However, a literature survey reveals that most of the studies on the microbial leaching of heavy metals have employed sewage sludge obtained directly from a digestion reactor in wastewater treatment facilities. [2][3][4][5][6][7]14,15 This sewage sludge has a low solids content, less than 4% (w/v). In general, the solids concentration for anaerobically digested sewage sludge has been 1.3-1.8% (w/v), and even for thickened sludge, the solids concentration has beeñ 3.8% (w/v).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the studies in microbial leaching have employed Thiobacillus ferrooxidans [2][3][4]11,15 or sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. 5,6,[12][13][14] The mixed cultures of T. ferrooxidans and T. thiooxidans have also been examined with or without an addition of alternative energy sources such as Fe (II) and elemental sulfur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Several methods have been studied for leaching heavy metals from sewage sludge, [2][3][4][5][6][7] and they can be broken down into two categories: chemical leaching [8][9][10] and microbial leaching. [2][3][4][5][6][7][11][12][13][14][15] The chemical leaching method generally involves the use of mineral acids, such as H 2 SO 4 and HCl, at pH 1.5-2.0. 1 The solubilization of heavy metals has been greatly enhanced by heating during the treatment process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Solids Concentration on Bacterial Leaching of Heavy Metals from Sewage Sludge

Cho

Ryu

Lee

et al. 2002

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Microbial metal leaching from sewage sludge (2-9% w/v) was carried out with the iron-oxidizing bacterium Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. Measurements of pH, oxidationreduction potential, and concentration of Fe 2+ indicated that T. ferrooxidans was effective in removing metals from an incubation bath containing less than 5% sludge solids concentration. Specifically, Cu leaching was completely suppressed at a high solids concentration of 9% (w/v). Results indicated that the deactivation of T. ferrooxidans at a high sludge content was mainly due to the presence of inhibiting materials such as organic matter. A mixed culture of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria was obtained by enrichment from anaerobically digested sewage sludge to enhance the efficiency of the microbial leaching process. These bacteria were much more effective in metal leaching than was iron-oxidizing T. ferrooxidans. At 9% (w/v) solids concentration, the leaching efficiencies of Zn and Cu were 78% (2.66 g/kg dry sludge) and 59% (1.36 g/kg dry sludge), respectively. Therefore, when removing heavy metals from the anaerobically digested sewage sludge, the indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria isolated in the current study were more efficient than T. ferrooxidans, especially at high sludge solids concentrations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Solids Concentration on Bacterial Leaching of Heavy Metals from Sewage Sludge

Cho

Ryu

Lee

et al. 2002

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…Airlift reactors have been used relatively frequently for laboratory studies on bacterial leaching of soils, sediments and sludges [149,150] but less frequently for bioleaching and metals extraction from ores or concentrates [151][152][153][154][155]. One of the reasons is that the rate of metal extraction decreases rapidly when the solids loading is greater than 20% [156], which, at the time, was one of the key improvements that was being sought in bioreactor design.…”

Section: Technology Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Biohydrometallurgical Metals Extraction from Polymetallic Mineral Resources

Watling

2014

Minerals

137

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This review has as its underlying premise the need to become proficient in delivering a suite of element or metal products from polymetallic ores to avoid the predicted exhaustion of key metals in demand in technological societies. Many technologies, proven or still to be developed, will assist in meeting the demands of the next generation for trace and rare metals, potentially including the broader application of biohydrometallurgy for the extraction of multiple metals from low-grade and complex ores. Developed biotechnologies that could be applied are briefly reviewed and some of the difficulties to be overcome highlighted. Examples of the bioleaching of polymetallic mineral resources using different combinations of those technologies are described for polymetallic sulfide concentrates, low-grade sulfide and oxidised ores. Three areas for further research are: (i) the development of sophisticated continuous vat bioreactors with additional controls; (ii) in situ and in stope bioleaching and the need to solve problems associated with microbial activity in that scenario; and (iii) the exploitation of sulfur-oxidising microorganisms that, under specific anaerobic leaching conditions, reduce and solubilise refractory iron(III) or manganese(IV) compounds containing multiple elements. Finally, with the successful applications of stirred tank bioleaching to a polymetallic tailings dump and heap bioleaching to a polymetallic black schist ore, there is no reason why those proven technologies should not be more widely applied.

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Process engineering in biological aerobic waste‐water treatment

Macoveanu

1999

Acta Biotechnologica

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A non-comprehensive review of several technical developments in the field of aerobic biological waste-water treatment engineering is camed out, eonsidering the active role the engineers have to play in this field. This paper brings together conventional and advanced problems in the field of aerobic biological waste-water treatment. Such an overview of biological waste-water treatment also precedes comments on some important aspects concerning the microorganisms responsible for waste-water treatment as well as considerations of the application of fundamentals and kinetics to the analysis of the biological processes used most commonly for aerobic biological waste-water treatment.A survey of the development of the biological activated-sludge process and some modifications are given. Some problems implied in the conventional activated-sludge waste-water treatment are analyzed, considering conventional processes and bioreactor models (the continuous stirred-tank reactor model and the plug-flow reactor models of the activated-sludge process) as well as aerated lagoons. Further, modifications of the activated-sludge process are presented. These include additional details on the bioreactor progress and applications. with emphasis on aspects concerning airlift bioreactors and their variants, deep-shaft bioreactors and reciprocating jet bioreactors which are considered as the third generation of bioreactors owing to their important advantages in design, operation and performance in waste-water treatment. Sequencing-batch reactors and aerobic digestion processes, including conventional aerobic digestion, high-purity oxygen digestion, thermophilic aerobic digestion and cryophylic aerobic digestion are also reviewed. Finally, some aspects regarding the operational factors that are involved in the selection of the reactor type are included.

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Comparative study of bacterial leaching of metals from sewage sludge in continuous stirred tank and air-lift reactors

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of Solids Concentration on Bacterial Leaching of Heavy Metals from Sewage Sludge

Effect of Solids Concentration on Bacterial Leaching of Heavy Metals from Sewage Sludge

Review of Biohydrometallurgical Metals Extraction from Polymetallic Mineral Resources

Process engineering in biological aerobic waste‐water treatment

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