Anaerobic digestion is an alternative for treating waste with high concentrations of organic matter. Through anaerobic processes biogas production is possible, which represents environmentally friendly renewable energy source. High lipid concentrations, however, although having high methanogenic potential, may negatively interfere with the treatment systems causing microbial activity inhibition and, consequently, depleting the production of methane. This project evaluated the effect of addition of cellulosic fibers in the anaerobic digestion process of high concentrations of fatty residues from dairy effluents. Therefore, sugarcane bagasse fibers were used in natura and pretreated by the following methods: organosolve, hydrothermal, steam explosion and dilute acid. The use of the fibers had the objective to control the inhibition caused by the products of the hydrolysis of lipids through adsorption and thus decrease the concentrations of such compounds in the medium. We also had the hypothesis that the cellulosic fibers could act as cosubstrate in the anaerobic digestion process. Initially, anaerobic biodegradability tests were set with increasing concentrations of fatty residue, which resulted in relation entity substrate and microorganism of 0.057; 0.12; 0.24; 0.37 and 0.57 g COD / gSTV. The assay in which severe inhibition was verified (0.37 g COD/gSTV) was repeated with addition of treated and untreated fibers. The sugarcane bagasse showed potential as adsorbent because the methanogenic yields in the presence of the fibers were higher than the inhibited condition, without addition of that material.The addition of pretreated fibers by organosolv method resulted in higher methane production.