Comparative study between the effect of Parkia Biglobosa (JACQ) benth and conventional antibiotics against multiple antibiotic resistant uropathogenic bacteria (MARUB)

Abstract

The purpose of this research work is to compare the effect of convectional antibiotics with medicinal plant (Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.)Benth) against multiple antibiotics resistant Uropathogenic bacteria isolates.(MARUB), which was isolated from basically two hospital in Ondo State, Nigeria. The two hospitals are Gani Fawehinmi Diagnostic center, Ondo and Federal Medical Center, Owo between July, 2017 and October, 2017. fifty two (52) Gram negative bacteria isolated from urine of UTIs patient at the Gani Fawehinmi Medical Diagnostic Centre, Ondo and Federal Medical Centre, Owo were screened for antibiotic resistance assay, The test isolates were identified, characterized with Microbact™ 24E test strip. it was observed that Twenty (20) bacterial isolates were resistant to at least 76.9% (10 out of 13) of the antibiotics tested, showing susceptibility to the carbapenems and piperacillin/Tazobactam. Five (5) isolates were also susceptible to ofloxacin though with narrower diameter zones of inhibition Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth s a plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases in Nigeria. In order to microbiologically appraise some of the traditional and ethno medical uses of Parkia biglobosa, this study aimed at evaluating and compare the diameter zone of inhibition (antibacterial activities) of Parkia biglobosa leaf and stem bark extracts and conventional antibiotic against multiple antibiotic resistant Uropathogenic bacteria (MARUB). The Parkia biglobosa extracts shows zone of inhibition against Enterobacter agglomerans, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella Subsp. 3B, Serratia marcsesens, Citrobacter freundii and Klebsiella pneumonia. Diameter zones of inhibition range between 8mm to 26mm.respectively. It was observed that Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Parkia biglobosa extracts against the multiple resistant Uropathogenic bacteria ranges between 6.25mg/ml and 12.5mg/ml for Stem bark and leaf extracts respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a higher value of Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Parkia biglobosa of 12.5mg/ml for Stem bark and 25mg/ml for leaf extracts.The major phytochemical constituent of interests such as Polyphenol, Cardiac glycosides, Alkaloids, Tannins Saponin and Flavonoids were found to be present in Parkia biglobosa. In comparing the quantitative content of phytochemical of Parkia biglobosa.Stem bark extract contains large quantity of phytochemical compare to the leaf extract. These constituents are also higher in acetone extract than ethanol extract.These results justifies the uses of Parkia biglobosa in traditional medicine and pave the way for further studies in the developing a new drug.

Contemporary Insights into the Biological Mechanisms of Parkia biglobosa

“…Parkia biglobosa (PB) has more recently aroused the interest of researchers with its promising preclinical findings, suggesting it could be a valuable source of therapeutic compounds. Extracts of the leaf and/or stem bark were reported to exert antioxidant, hypotensive, cardioprotective, antihyperlipidemic, antidiabetic, antiepileptogenic, anti-amnesic, and anxiolytic-like effects in animal models [2][3][4][5][6][7], as well as antidiarrheal and antibacterial properties [8,9]. Furthermore, protein isolates from the seed exhibited hypolipidemic and cardioprotective effects [10,11], while the seeds were found to have vasorelaxant actions on smooth muscles, thereby initiating hypotensive effects [12].…”