Comparative study between the effect of oral sildenafil citrate versus oral nitroglycerin on intrauterine growth restriction in normotensive pregnant women.

Abstract

Background: Severe perinatal morbidity and mortality are increased by severe early-onset intrauterine growth restriction., especially when combined with iatrogenic premature delivery. It causes complications in about 0.2 percent of pregnancies. Small-for-gestation newborns have birth weights or lengths that are less than the 10th percentile for gender and gestational age., and these babies are constitutionally small. Aim of the work: To compare the effects of oral sildenafil citrate 20 mg and oral nitroglycerin 2.5 mg in normotensive pregnant females with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Patients and methods: This prospective observational study was performed on a total of 100 pregnant normotensive females diagnosed with IUGR in Al-Hussein University Hospitals and Dar Ismail Hospital for Obstetrics and gynecology, Alexandria, Egypt, from May 2020 to May 2021 with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results:The age disparity between the two study groups was not statistically significant. The mean (standard deviation) age in years for group I is 26.20 2.75 and 26.70 3.16 for group II. The P-value is 0.439. In terms of body mass index, there was no significant difference between the two groups studied (BMI). The mean (standard deviation) BMI (kg/m2) for group I is 35.51 3.55 and 34.59 3.27 for group II. The probability is 0.182. There was a statistically significant difference in parity between the two groups studied. According to biparietal diameter (BPD) in mm, Before and after 14 days of treatment, there was a significant difference in both groups. There was a significant difference in both groups' head circumference (HC) in mm before and after 14 days of treatment. There was a significant difference in both groups' abdominal circumference (AC) in mm before and after 14 days of treatment. The length of the femurs differed significantly.(FL) in both groups before and after 14 days of treatment. Conclusion:The current study concluded that using oral Sildenafil citrate and oral Nitroglycerin in the treatment of asymmetrical IUGR has a high significance, By reducing the uterine and umbilical arteries, a significant increase in placental blood flow was observed . Doppler characteristics.Sildenafil citrate may be preferred over oral Nitroglycerin due to fewer side effects.