Comparative Studies on the Arabidopsis Aldehyde Oxidase (AAO) Gene Family Revealed a Major Role of AAO3 in ABA Biosynthesis in Seeds

Seo, Mitsunori; Aoki, Hiroyuki; Koiwai, Hanae; Kamiya, Yûji; Nambara, Eiji; Koshiba, Tomokazu

doi:10.1093/pcp/pch198

Cited by 170 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In contrast, the aao3 mutant, lacking the ABSCISIC ALDEHYDE OXIDASE3 (AAO3) responsible for the final step in ABA biosynthesis (Seo and Koshiba, 2002), activated starch degradation similarly to the wild type ( Figures 6A and 6B). Given that Arabidopsis contains four AAO genes with partially redundant functions (Seo et al, 2004), aao3 mutants accumulate reduced but still detectable levels of ABA in response to dehydration stress (Seo et al, 2000), which may account for the activation of starch degradation in this mutant. Furthermore, BAM1, as well as RD29A, were significantly upregulated in response to stress in aao3, although to a lesser extent compared with the wild type, but were not induced in nced3 ( Figure 6C).…”

Section: Carbon Export To the Root And Osmolyte Accumulation During Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA insertion mutants were used in this study: bam1 (Salk_039895), bam3 (CS92461) (Fulton et al, 2008), amy3-2 (Sail_613 D12) , amy3 bam1 (Horrer et al, 2016), snrk2.2 snrk2.3 snrk2.6 (Fujii and Zhu, 2009), areb1 areb2 abf3 (Yoshida et al, 2010), aao3-4 (Salk_072361) (Seo et al, 2004), nced3 (GABI_129B08) (Wan and Li, 2006), and aba2-1 (G1464A) (Léon-Kloosterziel et al, 1996). Arabidopsis ecotype Columbia-0 (Col-0) was used as the wild type in all experiments.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of Leaf Starch Degradation by Abscisic Acid Is Important for Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

et al. 2016

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Starch serves functions that range over a timescale of minutes to years, according to the cell type from which it is derived. In guard cells, starch is rapidly mobilized by the synergistic action of b-AMYLASE1 (BAM1) and a-AMYLASE3 (AMY3) to promote stomatal opening. In the leaves, starch typically accumulates gradually during the day and is degraded at night by BAM3 to support heterotrophic metabolism. During osmotic stress, starch is degraded in the light by stress-activated BAM1 to release sugar and sugar-derived osmolytes. Here, we report that AMY3 is also involved in stress-induced starch degradation. Recently isolated Arabidopsis thaliana amy3 bam1 double mutants are hypersensitive to osmotic stress, showing impaired root growth. amy3 bam1 plants close their stomata under osmotic stress at similar rates as the wild type but fail to mobilize starch in the leaves. 14 C labeling showed that amy3 bam1 plants have reduced carbon export to the root, affecting osmolyte accumulation and root growth during stress. Using genetic approaches, we further demonstrate that abscisic acid controls the activity of BAM1 and AMY3 in leaves under osmotic stress through the AREB/ABF-SnRK2 kinase-signaling pathway. We propose that differential regulation and isoform subfunctionalization define starch-adaptive plasticity, ensuring an optimal carbon supply for continued growth under an ever-changing environment.

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Section: Carbon Export To the Root And Osmolyte Accumulation During Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plant Materials and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Leaf Starch Degradation by Abscisic Acid Is Important for Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

et al. 2016

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“…For quantitative RT-PCR, 12.5 mL of QuantiTect Probe PCR kit (Qiagen), 5 mL of cDNA, 0.2 mM of Taq-Man probe, and 0.8 mM of each primer were used in triplicate 25-mL reactions and subjected to the following cycling conditions: 50°C for 2 min, followed by 95°C for 15 min, then 45 cycles of 95°C for 15 s, and 60°C for 1 min. The sequence of primers and Taq-Man probes for ZEP, NCEDs, ABA2, AAO3, CYP707As, GA20oxs, GA3oxs, and GA2ox2 were as described previously (Ogawa et al, 2003;Kushiro et al, 2004;Seo et al, 2004;Yamauchi et al, 2004). Primers and probes for SPY and RGL2 are listed in Supplemental Table S2.…”

Section: Ga and Aba Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

High Temperature-Induced Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis and Its Role in the Inhibition of Gibberellin Action in Arabidopsis Seeds

et al. 2008

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Suppression of seed germination at supraoptimal high temperature (thermoinhibiton) during summer is crucial for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to establish vegetative and reproductive growth in appropriate seasons. Abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs) are well known to be involved in germination control, but it remains unknown how these hormone actions (metabolism and responsiveness) are altered at high temperature. Here, we show that ABA levels in imbibed seeds are elevated at high temperature and that this increase is correlated with up-regulation of the zeaxanthin epoxidase gene ABA1/ZEP and three 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase genes, NCED2, NCED5, and NCED9. Reverse-genetic studies show that NCED9 plays a major and NCED5 and NCED2 play relatively minor roles in high temperature-induced ABA synthesis and germination inhibition. We also show that bioactive GAs stay at low levels at high temperature, presumably through suppression of GA 20-oxidase genes, GA20ox1, GA20ox2, and GA20ox3, and GA 3-oxidase genes, GA3ox1 and GA3ox2. Thermoinhibition-tolerant germination of loss-of-function mutants of GA negative regulators, SPINDLY (SPY) and RGL2, suggests that repression of GA signaling is required for thermoinibition. Interestingly, ABA-deficient aba2-2 mutant seeds show significant expression of GA synthesis genes and repression of SPY expression even at high temperature. In addition, the thermoinhibition-resistant germination phenotype of aba2-1 seeds is suppressed by a GA biosynthesis inhibitor, paclobutrazol. We conclude that high temperature stimulates ABA synthesis and represses GA synthesis and signaling through the action of ABA in Arabidopsis seeds.

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“…Less information is available for 9-cis epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED), which exists as a gene family in many species. Several NCED genes are expressed during development of Arabidopsis seeds, and expression persists in the dry seed (Tan and others 2003;Seo and others 2004). The Arabidopsis NCED5 and NCED6 genes are active during seed development until late maturation (Tan and others 2003).…”

Section: Post-translational Modification and Protein Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abscisic aldehyde oxidase 3 converts ABA aldehyde to ABA (Seo and Koshiba 2002). The gene encoding this enzyme exhibits low expression in Arabidopsis seeds at 10 days after flowering, and transcripts are present in dry seeds (Gonzá lez-Guzmá n and others 2004; Seo and others 2004). Detailed expression profiling in relation to dormancy maintenance awaits further investigation.…”

Section: Post-translational Modification and Protein Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Abscisic Acid in Seed Dormancy

Kermode

2005

J Plant Growth Regul

250

160

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Seed dormancy is an adaptive trait that improves survival of the next generation by optimizing the distribution of germination over time. The agricultural and forest industries rely on seeds that exhibit high rates of germination and vigorous, synchronous growth after germination; hence dormancy is sometimes considered an undesirable trait. The forest industry encounters problems with the pronounced dormancy of some conifer seeds, a feature that can lead to non-uniform germination and poor seedling vigor. In cereal crops, an optimum balance is most sought after; some dormancy at harvest is favored because it prevents germination of the physiologically mature grain in the head prior to harvest (that is, preharvest sprouting), a phenomenon that leads to considerable damage to grain quality and is especially prominent in cool moist environments. The sesquiterpene abscisic acid (ABA) regulates key events during seed formation, such as the deposition of storage reserves, prevention of precocious germination, acquisition of desiccation tolerance, and induction of primary dormancy. Its regulatory role is achieved in part by cross-talk with other hormones and their associated signaling networks, via mechanisms that are largely unknown. Quantitative genetics and functional genomics approaches will contribute to the elucidation of genes and proteins that control seed dormancy and germination, including components of the ABA signal transduction pathway. Dynamic changes in ABA biosynthesis and catabolism elicit hormone-signaling changes that affect downstream gene expression and thereby regulate critical checkpoints at the transitions from dormancy to germination and from germination to growth. Some of the recent developments in these areas are discussed.

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Comparative Studies on the Arabidopsis Aldehyde Oxidase (AAO) Gene Family Revealed a Major Role of AAO3 in ABA Biosynthesis in Seeds

Cited by 170 publications

References 49 publications

Regulation of Leaf Starch Degradation by Abscisic Acid Is Important for Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

Regulation of Leaf Starch Degradation by Abscisic Acid Is Important for Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

High Temperature-Induced Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis and Its Role in the Inhibition of Gibberellin Action in Arabidopsis Seeds

Role of Abscisic Acid in Seed Dormancy

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