Comparative Studies on Clostridium Botulinum Type a Strains Associated With Infant Botulism in Japan and in California, Usa

Tabita, Kazue; Sakaguchi, Sumiko; Kozaki, Shunji; Sakaguchi, Genji

doi:10.7883/yoken1952.43.219

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Previously, a similar distinction had been observed between C. botulinum type A strains isolated in Japan and those isolated in the United States based on the molecular sizes of toxin complexes produced by the strains (35). This result suggests that the population in Italy resembles that of Japan, and it might reflect different evolutionary lineages of the clostridia; although this possibility remains to be demonstrated, a similar geographic separation has been hypothesized …”

Section: Vol 70 2004 Bont/a Gene Clusters Of C Botulinum Strains 7195supporting

confidence: 67%

“…Certain strains of C. botulinum type A produce the LL complex together with L and M complexes (19,31); these strains are referred to as type A1. Other strains of C. botulinum type A that secrete the M complex only, with no HA proteins, are designated type A2; these strains have been predominantly described in Japan (5,29,35).…”

Section: Botulinum Neurotoxin (Bont) Type a (Bont/a) Is One Of The Sementioning

confidence: 99%

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Differentiation of the Gene Clusters Encoding Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Complexes in Clostridium botulinum Type A, Ab, and A(B) Strains

Franciosa¹,

Floridi²,

Maugliani³

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

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We describe a strategy to identify the clusters of genes encoding components of the botulinum toxin type A (boNT/A) complexes in 57 strains of Clostridium botulinum types A, Ab, and A(B) isolated in Italy and in the United States from different sources. Specifically, we combined the results of PCR for detecting the ha33 and/or p47 genes with those of boNT/A PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Three different type A toxin gene clusters were revealed; type A1 was predominant among the strains from the United States, whereas type A2 predominated among the Italian strains, suggesting a geographic distinction between strains. By contrast, no relationship between the toxin gene clusters and the clinical or food source of strains was evident. In two C. botulinum type A isolates from the United States, we recognized a third type A toxin gene cluster (designated type A3) which was similar to that previously described only for C. botulinum type A(B) and Ab strains. Total genomic DNA from the strains was subjected to pulsed-filed gel electrophoresis and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analyses, and the results were consistent with the boNT/A gene clusters obtained.

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Section: Vol 70 2004 Bont/a Gene Clusters Of C Botulinum Strains 7195supporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Botulinum Neurotoxin (Bont) Type a (Bont/a) Is One Of The Sementioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of the Gene Clusters Encoding Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Complexes in Clostridium botulinum Type A, Ab, and A(B) Strains

Franciosa¹,

Floridi²,

Maugliani³

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The A1 and A2 toxins differed by 10.1% in amino acid residues, while the more closely related B1 and B2 toxins differed by 4.4% [65]. These genetically defined differences were linked to serological and functional differences [128,83,82], and have impacted the effectiveness of some medical countermeasures against these toxins [121,137]. Systematic studies have been undertaken to help better determine the diversity within the BoNTs and the impact of this diversity on our ability to treat or protect the public from botulism.…”

Section: Insights Gained From Genomic and Neurotoxin Sequencing Effortsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Historical and current perspectives on Clostridium botulinum diversity

Smith

Hill

Raphael

2015

Research in Microbiology

130

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“…In previous experiments, we reported that type A isolates associated with infant botulism in Japan produced only medium-sized progenitor toxin without hemagglutinating activity, which involved no production of hemagglutinin (27). The neurotoxin derived from the progenitor toxin was found to be antigenically similar but not identical to those produced by classical botulism-related type A strains (27,32). The antigenic dissimilarity in type A neurotoxin associated with infant botulism seems to resemble the properties of the neurotoxin produced by toxigenic C. butyricum compared with type E neurotoxin (6,15,25).…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

Immunological Characterization of the Neurotoxin Produced by Clostridium botulinum Type A Associated with Infant Botulism in Japan

Kozaki

Nakaue

Kamata

1995

Microbiology and Immunology

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The neurotoxin associated with type A infant botulism in Japan shows different antigenic properties from those produced by authentic strains. The monoclonal antibodies recognizing the light chain reacted to both neurotoxins, whereas half the antibodies recognizing the heavy chain reacted specifically to the respective neurotoxin. Each neurotoxin showed its own manner of binding to brain synaptosomes. These results indicate that the distinguishable characteristics are ascribable to the heavy chain but not to the light chain. In both neurotoxins, an epitope recognized by the monoclonal antibody that reacts to the light chain and neutralizes the toxin was found to be very close to the amino-terminal half (H-1 fragment) of the heavy chain. This may support the hypothesis that the H-1 fragment functions in the transport of the light chain in the target cell.

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Comparative Studies on Clostridium Botulinum Type a Strains Associated With Infant Botulism in Japan and in California, Usa

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Differentiation of the Gene Clusters Encoding Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Complexes in Clostridium botulinum Type A, Ab, and A(B) Strains

Differentiation of the Gene Clusters Encoding Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Complexes in Clostridium botulinum Type A, Ab, and A(B) Strains

Historical and current perspectives on Clostridium botulinum diversity

Immunological Characterization of the Neurotoxin Produced by Clostridium botulinum Type A Associated with Infant Botulism in Japan

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