Comparative studies of fibroins

Warwicker, J. O.

doi:10.1016/s0022-2836(60)80046-0

Cited by 243 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…4 Gly and Ala, the most common amino acid residues found in silk, are typically located in repeated blocks in dragline silk and, although dependent on the spinning process, the secondary structure contains a large proportion ofsheet. [5][6][7][8][9] The crystalline domains are thought to consist of Ala-rich, antiparallel -sheets, the structure of which underpin the superior tensile strength of silk. 10,11 From amino acid analysis of cDNA, a repeating unit made up of three segments (consisting of 6, then 13 and 15 amino acids in length) dominated by an Ala-rich sequence of 5-7 residues has been found.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientational order of Australian spider silks as determined by solid‐state NMR

et al. 2006

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A simple solid-state NMR method was used to study the structure of 13 C-and 15 Nenriched silk from two Australian orb-web spider species, Nephila edulis and Argiope keyserlingi. Carbon-13 and 15 N spectra from alanine-or glycine-labeled oriented dragline silks were acquired with the fiber axis aligned parallel or perpendicular to the magnetic field. The fraction of oriented component was determined from each amino acid, alanine and glycine, using each nucleus independently, and attributed to the ordered crystalline domains in the silk. The relative fraction of ordered alanine was found to be higher than the fraction of ordered glycine, akin to the observation of alanine-rich domains in silk-worm (Bombyx mori) silk. A higher degree of crystallinity was observed in the dragline silk of N. edulis compared with A. keyserlingi, which correlates with the superior mechanical properties of the former #

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientational order of Australian spider silks as determined by solid‐state NMR

et al. 2006

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“…3) Each unit cell contains a given number of amino acids, whose arrangements have been classified by Warwicker [14]. In Figure 1 (bottom) we show an illustration of Bombyx mori by Geis [26].…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, one unit cell contains 8 alanine amino acids. Furthermore we define the spatial directions in the usual way (e.g., [14]):…”

Section: Unshifted Unit Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As deduced from X-ray scattering [14,1,15,16] and NMR experiments [17], spider silks are characterized by a seemingly rather simple design: the alanine-rich segments of the fibroin polypeptide chain fold into β-sheet nanocrystalites (similar to poly-L-alanine crystals) embedded in an amorphous network of chains (containing predominately glycine). The crystalline component makes up an estimated 20%-30% of the total volume, and may represent cross-links in the polymer network, interconnecting several different chains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffraction from the β -sheet crystallites in spider silk

et al. 2008

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Abstract.We analyze the wide-angle X-ray scattering from oriented spider silk fibers in terms of a quantitative scattering model, including both structural and statistical parameters of the β-sheet crystallites of spider silk in the amorphous matrix. The model is based on kinematic scattering theory and allows for rather general correlations of the positional and orientational degrees of freedom, including the crystallite's size, composition and dimension of the unit cell. The model is evaluated numerically and compared to experimental scattering intensities allowing us to extract the geometric and statistical parameters. We show explicitly that for the experimentally found mosaicity (width of the orientational distribution) intercrystallite effects are negligible and the data can be analyzed in terms of single-crystallite scattering, as is usually assumed in the literature.PACS. 81.07.Bc Nanocrystalline materials -87.15.-v Biomolecules: structure and physical properties -61.05.cc Theories of X-ray diffraction and scattering

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“…With toughness more than three times that of aramid and industrial fibers, spider silk continues to attract the attention of fiber scientists and hobbyists alike. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Considering the remarkable mechano-chemical properties of spider silk and fueled by the recent progress in biotechnology, there is a revival of interest in using spider silk as a model for the engineering of high energy absorption fibers [14] . Because of the fineness of spider silk, on the order of 4 µm, the characterization of the mechanical properties of spider silks are limited to tensile mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Properties of Spider Silk

Kawabata

Inoue

et al. 2001

MRS Proc.

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Motivated by the high level of strength and toughness of spider silk and its multifunctional nature, this paper reports on the engineering properties of individual fibers from Nephila Clavipes spider drag line under uniaxial tension, transverse compression and torsional deformation. The tensile properties were compared to the Argiope Aurentia spider silk and show different ultimate strength but similar traits of the unusual combination of strength and toughness characterized by a sigmoidal stress-strain curve. A high level of torsional stability is demonstrated. comparing favorably to other aramid fibers (including Kevlar fibers).

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Comparative studies of fibroins

Cited by 243 publications

References 8 publications

Orientational order of Australian spider silks as determined by solid‐state NMR

Orientational order of Australian spider silks as determined by solid‐state NMR

Diffraction from the β -sheet crystallites in spider silk

Engineering Properties of Spider Silk

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