Comparative Studies of Arrangements Within and Between Populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura

Mayhew, Stephen H.; Kato, Stephen K.; Ball, Francis M.; Epling, Carl

doi:10.2307/2406598

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…If these associations exist for other types of deleterious recessives, substantial heterosis could result. Similar associations between recessive lethals and gene arrangements have previously been reported for D. pseudoobscura (Mayhew et al, 1966).…”

Section: Rc 10rrsupporting

confidence: 85%

ALDEHYDE OXIDASE ALLOZYMES, INVERSIONS AND DDT RESISTANCE IN SOME LABORATORY POPULATIONS OFDROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Laurie-Ahlberg¹,

Merrell²

1979

Evolution

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MATERIALS AND METHODSThe populations.-Two sets of populations were used in this study; one set has been selected for resistance to DDT (2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-I, 1, l-trichloroethane) and the other consists of the corresponding control populations. They are designated as follows:ORC and ORR were derived in 1952 from the well-known stock Oregon R, which has been kept in the laboratory since at least 1925 (Bridges and Brehme, 1944). The pairs 731C and 731R and 91C and 91R were established in 1952 from collections of several hundred wild flies made in a residential area of St. Paul, Minnesota, about 1 month apart. The J populations were established from another studies of these populations have shown that a very high level of resistance has been achieved (Merrell, 1960;Dapkus and Merrell, 1977). The purpose of this report is to present evidence that (a) frequency changes of aldehyde oxidase (Ao) allozymes and the Payne inversion (In(3R)P) with which they are associated have occured in response to selection for DDT resistance and (b) the maintenance of the In(3R)P polymorphism at intermediate frequencies in selected populations is due to heterokaryotype advantage in survival that is specifically dependent on DDT in the environment.

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Section: Rc 10rrsupporting

confidence: 85%

ALDEHYDE OXIDASE ALLOZYMES, INVERSIONS AND DDT RESISTANCE IN SOME LABORATORY POPULATIONS OFDROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Laurie-Ahlberg¹,

Merrell²

1979

Evolution

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“…Such lethal O 5 heterokaryotypes showed a strong heterotic effect (MESTRES et al 2001). In other Drosophila species, like D. pseudoobscura (EPLING et al 1961;MAYHEW et al 1966;CRUMPACKER and SALCEDA 1969) the results did not show mechanisms of lethal protection among different gene arrangements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Viabilities of originally natural O-chromosomal inversion homo- and heterokaryotypes in Drosophila subobscura

Zivanovic¹,

Marinković

2004

Hereditas

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The influence of epistatic interactions of lethal and non-lethal genes upon viability of Drosophila inversion karyotypes is poorly known. In this paper we present comparative results for viabilities of 21 originally natural O-inversion homo- and 38 heterokaryotypes in a D. subobscura population. We observed strong heterotic effect in viability of O-lethal heterozygotes irrespective of different inversion backgrounds, which indicates a mechanism for protection of a great number of lethal genes. In O-non-lethal heterozygotes the heterotic effect in viability was absent irrespective of different inversion backgrounds. Our results showed a great extent of genetic load and high abundance of O-chromosomal arrangements in the population analyzed. It belongs to the set of central European populations. An epistasis of lethal genes present in O-inversion hetero- and not present in O-inversion homokaryotypes of moderate or low frequencies could be good example for co-adaptation of chromosomal inversions with regard to the genetic load. This represents a more efficient mechanism for limitation of genetic load than alternative mechanisms for protection of lethals. Except for lethal genes, possible epistatic interactions of mildly deleterious (subvital) genes, could also be responsible for limiting the extent of genetic load in natural D. subobscura populations. We demonstrated a non-random distribution of several combinations of viability classes among different O-inversion homo- and heterokaryotypes. As a consequence of that, the viabilities of the O-inversion homokaryotypes compared to heterokaryotypes were significantly higher at low frequencies than in moderate or high frequencies. This shows frequency-dependence as a mechanism of balancing selection for protection of O-chromosomal inversions in natural D. subobscura populations. In addition, the viabilities of the O-inversion homokaryotypes of lower frequency, compared to homokaryotypes of moderate or high frequency, were significantly higher. This again indicates the existence of supergene selection as another mechanism for protection of chromosomal inversions, as co-adapted complexes in natural D. subobscura populations.

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“…Thus, an observed non-random distribution of lethal genes on the chromosome does not necessarily imply that associations exist: a single inversion may accumulate different lethal alleles. Different associations between lethal genes and inversions have been described in D. pseudoobscura (Epling et al 1961;Dobzhansky et al 1963;Mayhew et al 1966) and D. melanogaster, both in natural populations (Coyne et al 1991) and in selected lines (García-Dorado and López-Fanjul 1987). Non-random distributions of lethal genes on the chromosomes were detected in D. pseudoobscura (Dobzhansky et al 1963;Mayhew et al 1966;Crumpacker and Salceda 1969;Bryant 1976), in long-term selected lines of D. melanogaster (Albornoz and Domínguez 1994), in D. albomicans (Chang and Lin 1995;Chang et al 1996;Yang et al 2002), and possibly in D. nasuta (Kumar and Gupta 1989).…”

Section: Associations Between Lethal Genes and Inversionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Chilean colonizing populations of Drosophila subobscura: lethal genes and chromosomal arrangements

et al. 2008

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Knowledge of the frequency, distribution, and fate of lethal genes in chromosomal inversions helps to illuminate the evolution of recently founded populations. We analyze the relationship between lethal genes and inversions in two colonizing populations of D. subobscura in Chile. In the ancestral Palearctic populations of this species, lethal genes seem distributed at random on chromosomes. But in colonizing American populations, some lethal genes are associated with specific chromosomal arrangements. Some of these associated lethals were detected only during the first stages of the colonization (O 3?4?2 ), and never thereafter, whereas others have persisted (O 3?4?7 and O 5 ). However, most lethal genes in American populations have been observed only once: they have arisen by novel mutation and soon disappear. Finally, recombination between different inversions has been observed in America. However, the persistence of lethal genes associated with the heterotic inversions O 3?4?7 and O 5 could indicate that recombination inside these inversions is rare.

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Comparative Studies of Arrangements Within and Between Populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

ALDEHYDE OXIDASE ALLOZYMES, INVERSIONS AND DDT RESISTANCE IN SOME LABORATORY POPULATIONS OFDROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

ALDEHYDE OXIDASE ALLOZYMES, INVERSIONS AND DDT RESISTANCE IN SOME LABORATORY POPULATIONS OFDROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Viabilities of originally natural O-chromosomal inversion homo- and heterokaryotypes in Drosophila subobscura

Evolution of Chilean colonizing populations of Drosophila subobscura: lethal genes and chromosomal arrangements

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