Comparative sensitivity to gamma radiation at the organismal, cell and DNA level in young plants of Norway spruce, Scots pine and Arabidopsis thaliana

Blagojevic, Dajana; Lee, YeonKyeong; Brede, Dag Anders; Lind, Ole Christian; Yakovlev, Igor; Solhaug, Knut Asbjørn; Fossdal, Carl Gunnar; Salbu, Brit; Olsen, Jorunn E.

doi:10.1007/s00425-019-03250-y

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Norway spruce recovers better from inhibited growth 77 dpi after 48 h exposure to 290 mGy h -1 (Fig. 1 D and F-H) compared to the previous situation (after 144 h exposure to 40 mGy h -1 , (Blagojevic, et al 2019) despite the total dose after 48 h being higher (13,920 mGy) than after 144 h (5,760 mGy), emphasising the severity of chronic exposure. Consistent with previous findings, A. thaliana did not show any significant growth or developmental effects in this study (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Since phenotypic effects of gamma irradiation may take some time to be manifested, the post-irradiation effects of the 48 h of gamma exposure were recorded after transfer of seedlings to pots filled with S-soil (Hasselfors Garden AS, Örebro, Sweden), one plant per pot. All plants were kept in growth chambers (manufactured by Norwegian University of Life Sciences) with temperature, relative air humidity (RH), R:FR ratio, and photoperiod maintained as previously described (Blagojevic, et al 2019).…”

Section: Post-irradiation Growing Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High radiosensitivity in Norway spruce (Picea abies) is rendered by less comprehensive mobilisation of protection, repair and stress responses compared to the radiotolerantA. thaliana

Bhattacharjee,

Blagojevic,

Lee

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Following nuclear events, risk assessment and protection of plant communities in contaminated ecosystems require in-depth understanding of radiosensitivity of plants. However, the physiological and molecular factors defining differential sensitivity to chronic ionising radiation exposure are poorly understood. In this study, we compared early molecular events associated with protection, repair, and stress responses as well as phenotypic and cellular effects in gamma-irradiated seedlings of the radiosensitive conifer Norway spruce (Picea abies) and the radiotolerant herbaceousArabidopsis thaliana. After 48-h of irradiation, Norway spruce showed reduced growth at 290 mGy h-1and severe organelle damage at ≥ 1 mGy h-1whereasA. thalianashowed unaffected development, minor organelle damage at ≥ 100 mGy h-1only and significantly less DNA damage at all dose rates. Comparative transcriptomics revealed that Norway spruce mobilized transcription of DNA damage repair and antioxidant genes at ≥ 40 mGy h-1only whileA. thalianashowed massive activation of genes related to DNA damage repair, antioxidants, and other stress responses as well as growth-promoting hormones and cell wall components at ≥ 1 mGy h-1. Adverse effects on chloroplasts and mitochondria from low dose rates on and comprehensive downregulation of photosynthetic genes and activation of respiration genes at ≥ 40 mGy h-1in Norway spruce but not inA. thalianamay reflect the higher energy demand in Norway spruce to simultaneously maintain its far larger genome and engage protection and repair systems. Hence, the absence of transcriptional response at lower gamma doses and activation of repair and protection at high dose rates only, when accumulated damage is high, is consistent with the high radiosensitivity of Norway spruce. Conversely, the more massive transcriptional activation of crucial repair and protection pathways even at low dose rates complies with the high radiotolerance ofA. thaliana.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Post-irradiation Growing Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High radiosensitivity in Norway spruce (Picea abies) is rendered by less comprehensive mobilisation of protection, repair and stress responses compared to the radiotolerantA. thaliana

Bhattacharjee,

Blagojevic,

Lee

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Radiation did not lead to early gap formation and the creation of widespread tree regeneration. Rather, negative effects on regeneration might result from the well‐documented intolerance of conifers’ reproductive organs (such as flowers and cones) to the DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation (e.g., Blagojevic et al, 2019). While this effect was not strong enough to hamper the overall reforestation of abandoned agricultural fields in the ChEZ (see Section 4.1 above), it might have contributed to reduced regeneration in highly contaminated sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous work has, for instance, investigated the influence of radiation on agricultural crops (e.g., Dmitriev et al, 2011), fish (e.g., Lerebours et al, 2018) and dairy products (e.g., Labunska et al, 2018). Studies regarding the effects of radiation on forest ecosystems have to date largely focused on radiation-induced changes at the level of genes (Zelena et al, 2005), cells (Blagojevic et al, 2019) or organs (Geraskin et al, 2019). They show that conifers are more sensitive to contamination compared to broadleaved trees (e.g., Yoschenko et al, 2011Yoschenko et al, , 2017Watanabe et al, 2015), suggesting that chronic levels of radiation might have particularly severe effects in coniferous forests (Fesenko, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of radioactive contamination on tree regeneration and forest development in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone

Matsala

Senf

Bilous

et al. 2022

Applied Vegetation Science

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Questions Nuclear power is under increasing consideration in many countries because it is a low‐carbon strategy to satisfy growing energy demands. Yet, the long‐term environmental impacts of nuclear accidents remain unclear. Here we asked how ionizing radiation affects tree regeneration and forest development after the Chernobyl nuclear accident. We hypothesized that high levels of 137Cs contamination in the soil: (a) inhibit tree establishment; (b) accelerate structural development (i.e., facilitation of an early differentiation of tree sizes); while (c) prolonging the dominance of early‐seral deciduous communities (because of an elevated susceptibility of conifers to ionizing radiation). Location Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, Ukraine. Methods We sampled 103 plots on former agricultural lands in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone that were abandoned after the accident in 1986. Results Contamination had no significant effect on the stem density of forests established on former agricultural lands (p = 0.769). Structural development was not accelerated by radioactive contamination (p > 0.191), but we did find weak indications that the presence of tree regeneration was reduced by high radiation levels (p = 0.054). Tree species composition did not vary significantly with contamination (p = 0.250). Individual Scots pine trees did, however, experience a considerably higher proportion of deformed stems when contamination levels were high (p = 0.009). Conclusions Our analyses confirm negative effects of radioactive contamination on the individual tree health of Scots pine, yet early stand development in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone was largely insensitive to different levels of radiation. As wildfires threaten to remobilize and redistribute radionuclides stored in the growing forests of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, our findings have potential implications for human health. We conclude that forest dynamics is a key element for assessing the long‐term risk at nuclear accident sites and requires intensified research and monitoring.

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“…Gene-specific primers for the target genes PaFTL2, PaCOL1, PaCOL2 and PaSOC1 and the genes used as internal reference genes, Paα-TUBULIN, PaACTIN (PaACT) and PaELONGATION FACTOR 1α (PaEF1α), were designed using the Primer3 software and the melting points and product lengths were assessed as described previously [11,39; primers in 11]. The transcript levels were analysed using a 7500 Fast Real-Time PCR system (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) and the relative transcript levels quantified on basis of the threshold cycle (CT) values from the quantitative PCR analyses, all according to [39]. All samples were analysed in triplicate and the transcript levels of the target genes were normalised to the mean values of the internal reference genes that all had stable transcript levels under the experimental conditions, and thereafter related to the day 0 samples.…”

Section: Rna Extraction and Purification And Analyses Of Transcript Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive Effects of Light Quality during Day Extension and Temperature on Bud Set, Bud Burst and PaFTL2, PaCOL1-2 and PaSOC1 Expression in Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)

Chiang

Viejo

Toresdatter

et al. 2021

Forests

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Light and temperature are crucial factors for the annual growth rhythm of tree seedlings of the boreal and temperate zone. Dormant, vegetative winter buds are formed under short days (SD) and altered light quality. In the conifer Norway spruce, expression of FTL2 increases and PaCOL1-2 and PaSOC1 decrease under light regimes, inducing bud set. Although temperature is known to modulate the timing of bud set, information about combined effects of light climate and temperature on bud phenology and gene expression is limited. We studied the interactive effects of temperature (18, 22/24 °C) and day extension with blue (B), red (R) or far-red (FR) light or different R:FR ratios compared to SD on growth–dormancy cycling and expression of FTL2, PaCOL1-2 and PaSOC1 in Norway spruce seedlings. Day-extension with B light and all treatments involving FR light sustained shoot elongation, with increased growth at higher temperature. The R light treatment resulted in delayed/prevented bud set compared to SD, with more delay/prevented bud set at 24 °C than 18 °C. This was associated with lower PaFTL2-transcript levels at 24 °C and more rapid subsequent bud burst. For the growth-sustaining treatments (long days, FR and B light), the PaFTL2-transcript levels were generally lower and those of PaCO1-2 and PaSOC1 higher compared with SD and R light. In conclusion, our results demonstrate more reduced/prevented bud set and faster bud burst with increased temperature under day extension with R light, indicating less deep dormancy than at lower temperature. Also, sustained shoot elongation under the B light treatment (27 µmol m−2 s−1) in contrast to the lower B light-irradiances tested previously (≤ 13 µmol m−2 s−1), demonstrates an irradiance-dependent effect of day extension with B light.

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Comparative sensitivity to gamma radiation at the organismal, cell and DNA level in young plants of Norway spruce, Scots pine and Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 12 publications

References 73 publications

High radiosensitivity in Norway spruce (Picea abies) is rendered by less comprehensive mobilisation of protection, repair and stress responses compared to the radiotolerantA. thaliana

High radiosensitivity in Norway spruce (Picea abies) is rendered by less comprehensive mobilisation of protection, repair and stress responses compared to the radiotolerantA. thaliana

The impact of radioactive contamination on tree regeneration and forest development in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone

Interactive Effects of Light Quality during Day Extension and Temperature on Bud Set, Bud Burst and PaFTL2, PaCOL1-2 and PaSOC1 Expression in Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)

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