Comparative Rapid Toxicity Screening of Commercial and Potential “Green” Plasticizers Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Segura, Pedro A.; Kaplan, Pearl; Erythropel, Hanno C.; Yargeau, Viviane

doi:10.1021/ie300875g

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…More recently, several families of diester compounds have been proposed by our group as replacements for phthalates because of their resemblance in structure to phthalate plasticizers, as well as their having higher biodegradation rates, lower toxicity profiles (in the case of the succinates and dibenzoates), and comparable plasticizer properties to DEHP. These include several diol dibenzoates [15], and even-numbered n-alkyl succinates and maleates [16][17][18][19][20]. The molecular structures of DEHP, DINCH and some of the above-mentioned green alternative plasticizers are shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheology of Green Plasticizer/Poly(vinyl chloride) Blends via Time–Temperature Superposition

et al. 2017

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Plasticizers are commonly added to poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and other brittle polymers to improve their flexibility and processing properties. Phthalate plasticizers such as di(2-ethylhexyl phthalate) (DEHP) are the most common PVC plasticizers and have recently been linked to a wide range of developmental and reproductive toxicities in mammals. Our group has developed several replacement compounds that have good biodegradation kinetics, low toxicity profiles, and comparable plasticizer properties to DEHP. Knowledge of the rheology of PVC-plasticizer blends at elevated temperatures is crucial for understanding and predicting the behavior of the compounds during processing. In this work, the time-temperature profiles of PVC blended with our replacement green plasticizers-succinates, maleates, and dibenzoates, of varying alkyl chain length-are compared to blends prepared with DEHP and a commercially available non-phthalate plasticizer, di(isononyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate) (Hexamoll ® DINCH ®). The relationship between the plasticizer molecular structure and viscoelastic response was examined by applying time-temperature superposition. All compounds except the diethyl esters showed a comparable viscoelastic response to DEHP and Hexamoll ® DINCH ® , and dihexyl succinate exhibited the most effective reduction of the storage modulus G'. All of the dibenzoate blends exhibited a lower stiffness than the DEHP blends. These experiments help to show that the green plasticizers described herein are viable replacements for DEHP, providing a less toxic alternative with comparable processing and rheological performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheology of Green Plasticizer/Poly(vinyl chloride) Blends via Time–Temperature Superposition

et al. 2017

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“…For any plasticizer to truly qualify as a suitable replacement for problematic commercial plasticizers such as DEHP, many aspects beyond plasticizer performance need to be addressed, and the principles of green chemistry can provide a good framework for such an assessment [16,17,43]. The discussed diol dibenzoate compounds showed good plasticizing effectiveness in PVC, andcoupled with the low toxicity profiles of the compounds in bacteria (except 1,3-PrDB) [25], mammalian cell in-vitro assays [26,27], and an in-vivo study of 1,4-BDB with a focus on reproductive toxicity [28,29], these compounds appear to be good green plasticizer candidates. However, further toxicity testing to meet regulatory needs is required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to 1,5-PDB, the related compounds 1,3-propanediol dibenzoate (1,3-PrDB), 1,4-butanediol dibenzoate (1,4-BDB), and 1,6-hexanediol dibenzoate (1,6-HDB) (see Figure 2) have been shown to be biodegraded quickly by common soil bacteria without significant metabolite accumulation [23,24]. Furthermore, all four diol dibenzoates showed low toxicity profiles to the bacteria utilized in the MicroTox ® assay (except 1,3-PrDB) [25] and low toxicity profiles in several mammalian cell line in-vitro assays [26,27]. Furthermore, 1,4-BDB was found to not significant alter adult male reproductive function in an in-vivo rat study [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Green Plasticizers: Linear Alkyl Diol Dibenzoate Plasticizers and a Thermally Reversible Plasticizer

et al. 2018

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Several linear alkyl diol dibenzoate compounds, ranging from C3 to C6 in central diol length, were evaluated for their plasticizing effectiveness in blends with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The results were compared to blends of PVC/di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), the most commonly used commercial plasticizer. DEHP has come under scrutiny, due to its suspected endocrine-disrupting behaviour, and the proposed diol dibenzoates have previously been shown to have the potential to be green, safe candidates for DEHP replacement. The thermal and mechanical properties of PVC/dibenzoate blends were determined, and include glass transition temperature (T g ), the elongation at break, maximum stress, apparent moduli, torsional modulus, and surface hardness. The C3, C5, and C6 dibenzoates performed as well as or better than DEHP, with the exception of torsional modulus, further supporting their use as green plasticizers. For blends with 1,4-butanediol dibenzoate, differential scanning calorimetry and torsional temperature sweeps suggested that the compound partly crystallizes within PVC blends over the course of two days, thereby losing the ability to effectively plasticize PVC. However, upon heating to temperatures above 60 °C, effective plasticization was again observed. 1,4-Butanediol dibenzoate is thereby a reversible heat-activated plasticizer or processing aid with excellent plasticizer properties at mildly elevated temperatures.

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“…(continued) Farré et al 2008Farré et al , 2002aHirmann et al 2007;Jurado et al 2008;Kungolos et al 2004;Lechuga et al 2016;Li et al 2008;Ma et al 2005;Muneer et al 1999;Neamtu et al 2004;Osano et al 2002;Papadopoulou and Samara 2002;Pérez et al 2001;Salizzato et al 1998a;Segura et al 2012;Yu et al 2013) Water: (Burga-Perez et al 2013;Corrêa et al 2009;Ellouze et al 2009;Farré and Barceló 2003;Fernández-Piñas et al 2014;Gouider et al 2010;Hernando et al 2007;Katsoyiannis and Samara 2007;Kováts et al 2012;…”

Section: Naturally Bioluminescent Microorganisms For Environmental Toxicity Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent Microbial Bioassays and Microalgal Biosensors as Tools for Environmental Toxicity Evaluation

Hurtado-Gallego

Pulido-Reyes

González-Pleiter

et al. 2021

Handbook of Cell Biosensors

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This chapter deals with toxicity bioassays and biosensors based on luminescent microorganisms that report on global toxicity of a sample in such a way that luminescence is reduced or inhibited in the presence of toxic compounds that impair metabolism. Both natural and recombinant microorganisms are considered. A detailed description of their main characteristics and environmental applications is reported. Bioassays for detecting oxidative stress (both bioluminescent and fluorescent bioreporters) are also mentioned and discussed. Oxidative stress is caused by an unbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the Author contributed equally with all other contributors.

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Comparative Rapid Toxicity Screening of Commercial and Potential “Green” Plasticizers Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Rheology of Green Plasticizer/Poly(vinyl chloride) Blends via Time–Temperature Superposition

Rheology of Green Plasticizer/Poly(vinyl chloride) Blends via Time–Temperature Superposition

Designing Green Plasticizers: Linear Alkyl Diol Dibenzoate Plasticizers and a Thermally Reversible Plasticizer

Luminescent Microbial Bioassays and Microalgal Biosensors as Tools for Environmental Toxicity Evaluation

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