Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Transcriptional and Regulatory Proteins Abundances in S. lividans and S. coelicolor Suggests a Link between Various Stresses and Antibiotic Production

Abstract

Streptomyces coelicolor and Streptomyces lividans constitute model strains to study the regulation of antibiotics biosynthesis in Streptomyces species since these closely related strains possess the same pathways directing the biosynthesis of various antibiotics but only S. coelicolor produces them. To get a better understanding of the origin of the contrasted abilities of these strains to produce bioactive specialized metabolites, these strains were grown in conditions of phosphate limitation or proficiency and a comparative analysis of their transcriptional/regulatory proteins was carried out. The abundance of the vast majority of the 355 proteins detected greatly differed between these two strains and responded differently to phosphate availability. This study confirmed, consistently with previous studies, that S. coelicolor suffers from nitrogen stress. This stress likely triggers the degradation of the nitrogen-rich peptidoglycan cell wall in order to recycle nitrogen present in its constituents, resulting in cell wall stress. When an altered cell wall is unable to fulfill its osmo-protective function, the bacteria also suffer from osmotic stress. This study thus revealed that these three stresses are intimately linked in S. coelicolor. The aggravation of these stresses leading to an increase of antibiotic biosynthesis, the connection between these stresses, and antibiotic production are discussed.

Secondary metabolites shapeStreptomyces-Streptomycesinteraction: Mass Spectrometry Imaging reveals lydicamycins broadly induce sporulation

“…Additional evidence of cell wall stress includes differential expression of SCO6091 and SCO7536, both homologs of Mycobacterial membrane protein Large (MmpL) transporters which are pumps that send lipids to the cell envelope under stress. 50 In terms of secondary metabolism, we observed differential expression of genes associated to coelibactin biosynthesis, however it is unclear whether this is due to a generic stress response 51 or coelibactin’s ecological role in sporulation. 52 We further observed differential expressions of two lanthipeptide precursor peptides (SCO6931 and SCO6932) that recently have been shown to be a part of anti-phage defense 53 .…”

Evidence of a role for CutRS and actinorhodin in the secretion stress response in Streptomyces coelicolor M145

“…As a benzoisochromanequinone homodimer, actinorhodin has the potential to act as an alternate electron acceptor for SCO1057 [26]. It is interesting to note that Lejeune et al have proposed that the quinones in actinorhodin can capture excess electrons from reactive oxygen and nitrogen species during oxidative metabolism, thus acting as an anti-oxidant [27].…”

“…It is interesting to note that Lejeune et al . have proposed that the quinones in actinorhodin can capture excess electrons from reactive oxygen and nitrogen species during oxidative metabolism, thus acting as an anti-oxidant [ 27 ].…”

Bacteriostatic cells instead of bacteriostatic antibiotics?

“…This probably ensures that the nutritional resources released by the cell lysis of sporulating organisms are invested efficiently in the expensive process of spore construction and are not consumed by local competitors of other species. All spore-forming organisms produce antibiotics following stress, most frequently nutritional and oxidative stress ( 18 ). These are the same conditions pushing the bacterial population to sporulate.…”