Comparative proteomic analysis of a membrane-enriched fraction from flag leaves reveals responses to chemical hybridization agent SQ-1 in wheat

Abstract

The induction of wheat male fertile lines by using the chemical hybridizing agent SQ-1 (CHA-SQ-1) is an effective approach in the utilization of heterosis; however, the molecular basis of male fertility remains unknown. Wheat flag leaves are the initial receptors of CHA-SQ-1 and their membrane structure plays a vital role in response to CHA-SQ-1 stress. To investigate the response of wheat flag leaves to CHA-SQ-1 stress, we compared their quantitative proteomic profiles in the absence and presence of CHA-SQ-1. Our results indicated that wheat flag leaves suffered oxidative stress during CHA-SQ-1 treatments. Leaf O2-, H2O2, and malonaldehyde levels were significantly increased within 10 h after CHA-SQ-1 treatment, while the activities of major antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and guaiacol peroxidase were significantly reduced. Proteome profiles of membrane-enriched fraction showed a change in the abundance of a battery of membrane proteins involved in multiple biological processes. These variable proteins mainly impaired photosynthesis, ATP synthesis protein mechanisms and were involved in the response to stress. These results provide an explanation of the relationships between membrane proteomes and anther abortion and the practical application of CHA for hybrid breeding.

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Gene TaICK1 acts as a Potential Contributor to Wheat Male Sterility induced by a Chemical Hybridizing Agent

“…CHA SQ-1 can effectively induce male sterility in most wheat varieties, reaching rates of up to 95%. Meanwhile, the seed setting rate of artificial saturation pollination can reach 98% [16]. This result shows the great potential of utilizing heterosis.…”

“…Hence, it is urgently required to ameliorate the male sterility induced by SQ-1. Thereafter, we could improve the induction efficiency of male sterility to reduce this self-fertility.Therefore, several studies have investigated the molecular mechanism behind the sterility induced by SQ-1, including characterization of its physiological and biochemical metabolism characteristics [48,49] as well as the genes related to pollen grain development [19,24,50] and proteome [16,22,23,51] and epigenetic [52][53][54][55] profiles. However, the molecular mechanism underlying SQ-1-induced male sterility remains unclear.…”

“…These results demonstrate that SQ-1 has tremendous application potential in wheat hybrid seed production. However, the degree of male sterility induced by SQ-1 in some fine varieties is unsatisfactory for hybrid seed production [15,16]. As a result, some fine varieties cannot be used as parents in hybrid seed production.…”

Chemical hybridizing agent SQ-1-induced male sterility in Triticum aestivum L.: a comparative analysis of the anther proteome

“…China (34° 16’ N, 108° 4′ E). The following April when the wheat had reached a growth stage of 8.5 according to the Feekes scale (as described in [ 23 ]), wheat plants were divided into two groups, with 50 rows per group. While plants from one group were treated with the CHA SQ-1 (5 kg ha −1 ) and named PHYMS-1376, the other plants, which were sprayed with water as a control, were named MF-1376.…”

Mitochondrial Dysfunction Causes Oxidative Stress and Tapetal Apoptosis in Chemical Hybridization Reagent-Induced Male Sterility in Wheat

“…Recently, more than applicable 40 CHAs have been reported ( Singh et al, 2015b ), some of which are found effective in inducing pollen sterility, such as RH007 ( Mizelle et al, 1989 ), SC2053 ( Fan et al, 1998 ), and Genesis ( Singh et al, 2010 ). Compared with them, SQ-1 is an ideal chemical hybridization agent which could induce male sterility by changing the cell microstructure ( Wang et al, 2016 ), triggering programmed cell death (PCD) ( Wang et al, 2015a , 2016 ), striking the oxidative/antioxidative balance ( Wang et al, 2016 ) and increasing the cell membrane permeability ( Song et al, 2015 ). Despite some progress toward understanding the mechanisms of male sterility has been made, such as reactive oxygen and aliphatic metabolism ( Ba et al, 2013 , 2014a ), DNA methylation ( Ba et al, 2014b ), cell morphological ( Wang et al, 2015a ), transcriptome ( Zhu et al, 2015 ) and proteomics ( Song et al, 2015 ; Wang et al, 2015b ), the mechanisms underlying male sterility in plants resulting from CHA treatment remain elusive.…”