Comparative polyphenolic antioxidant profile and quality of traditional apple cultivars as affected by cold storage

Abstract

Summary ‘Kathista’ and ‘Lortiko’ are regarded as traditional and highly appreciated apple cultivars in Cyprus, yet their postharvest behaviour and phytochemical content are largely unknown. Such fruits were examined for their qualitative traits, phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity after harvest or short, intermediate or extended cold storage and additional ripening at room temperature (RT), using ‘Gala’ as reference cultivar. Total phenolic content was dependent on cultivar and length of cold storage, while hydroxycinnamic acids were always at higher levels compared to total flavonols for all the examined cultivars. No clear trends regarding the influence of cold storage or RT maintenance on fruit antioxidant properties were evident. Overall, quality attributes and polyphenolic content of the traditional apple cultivars were comparable with ‘Gala’ at harvest; thus, they can be considered a good source of nutraceuticals as summer apple cultivars. However, extended cold storage deteriorates fruit behaviour and antioxidant capacity, particularly in ‘Lortiko’ fruit.

Influence of Heavy Metals (Ni, Cu, and Zn) on Nitro-Oxidative Stress Responses, Proteome Regulation and Allergen Production in Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Plants

“…For the phosphomolybdenum method, 10 μL methanol extract was combined with 1 mL of reagent solution (0.6 mol L -1 sulfuric acid, 28 mmol L -1 sodium phosphate, and 4 mmol L -1 ammonium molybdate) and the tubes were incubated at 95°C for 90 min. The absorbance of the solution was measured at 695 nm (TECAN, Infinite 200 ® PRO) against a blank sample, and the total antioxidant capacity was expressed as μmol ascorbic acid g -1 FW ( Goulas et al, 2014 ).…”

“…For the FRAP method, a sample containing 1.98 mL of freshly prepared FRAP solution [0.3 mol L -1 acetate buffer (pH = 3.6) containing 10 mmol L -1 2,4,6- tripyridyl-1,3,5-triazine (TPTZ) and 40 mmol L -1 FeCl 3 10H 2 O] and 15 μL of methanol extract were incubated at 37°C for 4 min and the absorbance was measured at 593 nm (TECAN, Infinite 200 ® PRO). A standard curve of L-ascorbic acid was prepared and results were expressed as μmol ascorbic acid g -1 FW ( Goulas et al, 2014 ).…”

Edible coating composed of chitosan andSalvia fruticosaMill. extract for the control of grey mould of table grapes

“…For the determination of ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) a sample containing 3 mL of freshly prepared FRAP solution [0.3 mol L −1 acetate buffer (pH 3.6)] containing 10 mmol L −1 2,4,6‐tripyridyl‐1,3,5‐triazine (TPTZ) and 40 mmol L −1 FeCl3 · 10H 2 O) and 100 μL of diluted extract was incubated at 37 °C for 4 min and the absorbance was measured at 593 nm. A standard curve of Trolox was prepared …”

Effect of fruit ripening on bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of apple beverages

“…Hydroxycinnamic acids are the second largest class of phenolic compounds found in apples and within this group 5-caffeoylquinic acid is the compound with the highest concentration in juices and ciders (Goulas et al, 2014;Khanizadeh et al, 2008). The highest levels of 5-caffeoylquinic acid were found in the juices from unripe apples, and a reduction with ripening was observed in all cultivars.…”

“…Apples (Malus domestica Borkh) has high phenolic compounds content (Khanizadeh et al, 2008;Goulas et al, 2014). On apple juice and cider, phenolics can contribute to the sensory characteristics, such as their color, astringent and bitter taste.…”