Comparative Phytochemical Characterization, Genetic Profile, and Antiproliferative Activity of Polyphenol-Rich Extracts from Pigmented Tubers of Different Solanum tuberosum Varieties

Abstract

Plants produce a vast array of biomolecules with beneficial effects for human health. In this study, polyphenol and anthocyanin-rich extracts (PAE) from pigmented tubers of Solanum tuberosum L. varieties “Blue Star”, “Magenta Love”, and “Double Fun” in comparison with the more extensively studied “Vitelotte” were evaluated and compared for antiproliferative effects in human leukemia cells, and their phytochemical and genetic profiles were determined. In U937 cells, upon treatment with PAE, it was possible to reveal the expression of specific apoptotic players, such as caspase 8, 9, 3, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), as well as the induction of monocyte and granulocyte differentiation. A liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) investigation revealed the presence of polyphenolic compounds in all the varieties of potatoes analyzed, among which caffeoyl and feruloyl quinic acid derivatives were the most abundant, as well as several acylated anthocyanins. Each pigmented variety was genotyped by DNA-based molecular markers, and flavonoid-related transcription factors were profiled in tubers in order to better characterize these outstanding resources and contribute to their exploitation in breeding. Interesting biological activities were observed for “Blue Star” and “Vitelotte” varieties with respect to the minor or no effect of the “Double Fun” variety.

Noticeable Quantities of Functional Compounds and Antioxidant Activities Remain after Cooking of Colored Fleshed Potatoes Native from Southern Chile

“…Some biological effects have been described for the polyphenolic extracts of colored potatoes and give them beneficial effects towards some cancers [ 17 ], as anticarcinogenic effects of anthocyanin extracts, which serve as suppressors of early and advanced cell proliferation and inductors of apoptosis in colon cancer under in vitro and in vivo conditions [ 18 ], and also in human leukemia cells [ 19 ]. The anthocyanins from purple-fleshed potatoes have also been reported that decreases postprandial glycemic response and affect inflammation markers [ 20 ].…”

Managing Rhizoctonia Damping-Off of Rocket (Eruca sativa) Seedlings by Drench Application of Bioactive Potato Leaf Phytochemical Extracts

“…Furthermore, these evidences support the suitability of these feedstock to be valorized as new products in a circular economy viewpoint. S. tuberosum peelings have previously investigated as potential source of new crude glycoalkaloid [ 58 ], polyphenolic [ 59 ], and polyphenolic/anthocyanin [ 60 ] antimicrobials. In addition, these natural compounds are characterized by a low persistence in the environment (the half-live of α-solanine has been estimated to vary in the range 1.8–4.1 days at 15 °C), features that makes them suitable for the field application in a perspective of ecofriendly control of plant disease.…”

Antioxidants in Potatoes: A Functional View on One of the Major Food Crops Worldwide

“…Anthocyanin publications in PubMed have gone from under 200 per year in 2000, to over 1000 in 2018, in part due to interest in their health-promoting effects [ 234 ]. Purple-flesh potatoes with high amounts of polyphenols and anthocyanins have shown benefits in several health studies, including induction of apoptosis, anti-cancer and anti-diabetes properties and promotion of gut health [ 246 , 247 , 248 , 249 , 250 , 251 , 252 , 253 ]. Anthocyanins from purple potatoes reduced alcohol-induced hepatic injury in mice [ 254 ].…”