Comparative Physicochemical and Microbiological Qualities of Source and Stored Household Waters in Some Selected Communities in Southwestern Nigeria

Abstract

Abstract:In this study, we evaluated the physicochemical and microbial qualities of source and stored household waters in some communities in Southwestern Nigeria using standard methods. Compared parameters include: physicochemical constituents; Temperature (T), pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Hardness (TH), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Magnesium ion (Mg 2+ ) and Calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) and microbiological parameters included Total Coliform Counts (TC), Faecal Coliform Counts (FC), Fungal Counts (Fung C), Heterotrophic Plate Counts (HPC).Comparing Stored and Source samples, the mean values of some physicochemical parameters of most of the stored water samples significantly (p < 0.05) exceeded that of Sources and ranged in the following order: T (15.3 ± 0.3 • C-28.3 ± 0.5 • C), pH (6.4 ± 0.1-7.6 ± 0.1), TDS (192.1 ± 11.1 ppm-473.7 ± 27.9 ppm), TH (10.6 ± 1.7 mg/L-248.6 ± 18.6 mg/L), BOD (0.5 ± 0.0 mg/L-3.2 ± 0.3 mg/L), Mg 2+ (6.5 ± 2.4 mg/L-29.1 ± 3.2 mg/L) and Ca 2+ (6.5 ± 2.4 mg/L-51.6 ± 4.4 mg/L). The mean microbial counts obtained from microbial comparison of different points (Stored and Source) of collection showed that most of the stored water had counts significantly exceeding (p < 0.05) those of the source water samples (cfu/100 mL) which ranged as follows: TC (3.1 ± 1.5-156.8 ± 42.9), FC (0.0 ± 0.0-64.3 ± 14.2) and HPC (47.8 ± 12.1-266.1 ± 12.2) across all sampled communities. Also, the predominant isolates recovered from the samples were identified as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes, Aspergillus spp., Mucor spp., Rhizopus spp. and Candida spp. The presence of these pathogenic and potentially pathogenic organisms in the waters and the high counts of the indicator organisms suggest the waters to be a threat to public health.

Physicochemical and Microbiological Parameters of Water from Rivers in Keffi, Central Nigeria

“…The high occurrence of members of Enterobacteriaceae family from the water samples examined further confirmed the high coliforms count observed. Similar pathogens were also reported by other scholars respectively [30,34,43,52]. Hence, the concentrations of these microbial indicators and pathogens in the water samples examined are indications of serious bacterial contamination; as such water from these rivers should be treated before consumption.…”

“…Turbidity levels are dependent on the amount of suspended particles present in the water. Suspended particles act as a substrate for microorganisms in the water, thus promoting growth of the microbial populations [34]. Water turbidity is very important because high turbidity is often associated with higher level of disease-causing microorganisms such as bacteria and other parasites [35].…”

Response surface methodology mediated optimization of Indanthrene Blue RS by a novel isolated bacterial strain Bacillus flexus TS8

“…Majority of the dyes are naturally available but nowadays man‐made synthetic dyes derived from petrochemicals are being used because of their photostability. Reactive dyes from the industrial effluents such as textile, paper, pharmaceutical, tannery, plastic, food, and cosmetics are the significant classes of pollutants not removed readily from the effluent by conventional methods (Bisi‐johnson, Adediran, Akinola, Popoola, & Okoh, ; Kalyani, Telke, Dhanve, & Jadhav, ). Untreated textile effluents on discharge into water bodies alter pH, BOD, COD, reduce sunlight penetration (Jianjun, Xiaohui, Hao, & Qi, ), and thereby disturb the biodiversity of those systems.…”

Effects of Solid Wastes on the Quality of Selected Well Water in Odo-Oro Area of Ikere, Ekiti in Nigeria

“…It should be noted that high pH increases the toxicity of ammonia while low pH increases the toxicity of H2S and cyanide in water. Changes in pH are known to be as a result of processes such photosynthesis, respiration, exposure to air, disposal of industrial wastes, geology and mineral content of a catchment area, accumulation and decomposition or leaching or organic debris producing chemicals that impart on the pH (Bisi-Johnson, 2017).…”