Comparative phosphoproteome analysis to identify candidate phosphoproteins involved in blue light-induced brown film formation inLentinula edodes

Abstract

Light plays an important role in the growth and differentiation of Lentinula edodes mycelia, and mycelial morphology is influenced by light wavelengths. The blue light-induced formation of brown film on the vegetative mycelial tissues of L. edodes is an important process. However, the mechanisms of L. edodes’ brown film formation, as induced by blue light, are still unclear. Using a high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry integrated with a highly sensitive immune-affinity antibody method, phosphoproteomes of L. edodes mycelia under red- and blue-light conditions were analyzed. A total of 11,224 phosphorylation sites were identified on 2,786 proteins, of which 9,243 sites on 2,579 proteins contained quantitative information. In total, 475 sites were up-regulated and 349 sites were down-regulated in the blue vs red group. To characterize the differentially phosphorylated proteins, systematic bioinformatics analyses, including gene ontology annotations, domain annotations, subcellular localizations, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway annotations, were performed. These differentially phosphorylated proteins were correlated with light signal transduction, cell wall degradation, and melanogenesis, suggesting that these processes are involved in the formation of the brown film. Our study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of the blue light-induced brown film formation at the post-translational modification level.

Oxidative Stress and Autophagy Are Important Processes in Post Ripeness and Brown Film Formation in Mycelium of Lentinula edodes

“…Mycelia post ripeness and BF formation require at least 3 months, are necessary for primordial initiation, and ultimately affect mushroom yield and quality ( Tang et al, 2016 ). Initiation and progression of this second stage are affected by genetic and environmental factors, such as light ( Tang et al, 2013 ; Yoo et al, 2019 ; Song et al, 2020 ). Mechanisms of mycelium post ripeness and BF formation and initiation of fruiting bodies in shiitake mushrooms are unknown, especially those involving proteins and metabolism, which have not been reported.…”

De Novo Assembly Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Preliminary Molecular Mechanism of Primordium Formation in Pleurotus tuoliensis

“…In fungi, blue light is a main environmental signal. Blue light can regulate stipe elongation, cap formation, mycelium browning, and so on [ 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. A comparative transcriptome analysis that identified candidate genes involved in mycelium browning in Lentinula edodes was performed by Yoo et al This study systematically researched the expression patterns of light-induced browning-related genes, which were significantly associated with light sensing via photoreceptors such as FMN- and FAD-bindings [ 58 ].…”

HOG1 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway–Related Autophagy Induced by H2O2 in Lentinula edodes Mycelia

“…At the transcriptome level, there are various differentially expressed genes of autophagy and age-dependent response in L. edodes mycelia and fruiting bodies postpigmentation [11][12][13]. At the proteome level, the expression of autophagy key factor vacuolar protein sorting (VPS1, VPS27, and VPS34) vacuolar membrane protein (VAC8) is significantly increased in L. edodes pigment mycelium [14,15]. At the metabolomics level, the differential metabolites-asparagine, proline, leucine, valine, glutamine, and palmitic acid-are related to autophagy, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress [16].…”