Comparative phenotypic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from line and non-line associated septicaemia, CAPD peritonitis, bone/joint infections and healthy nasal carriers

Al-Wali, Walid; Elvin, Stephen J.; Mason, Carol M.; Clark, Adam; Tranter, Howard S.

doi:10.1099/00222615-47-3-265

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…display important virulence properties and cause a wide range of human infectious diseases including pneumonia, septicemia, and endocarditis (1,11,12,13,17,18,21,22,23). They are not usually isolated from the oral cavity and when it occurs they are considered a part of the transient microbiota.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and periodontal pockets of chronic periodontitis patients

Loberto¹,

Martins²,

Santos³

et al. 2004

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Staphylococcus spp are not usually isolated from the oral cavity, and when this occurs, they are considered to belong to the transitory microbiota. Individuals with periodontal disease represent possible reservoirs of these opportunistic bacteria in the oral cavity. The use of antibiotics for treatment of periodontal disease or other infections may predispose to the increase of the number of Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity. These microorganisms easily become resistant to antibiotics, and may result in superinfection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and in periodontal pockets of patients with chronic periodontitis, identify the isolates and verify the relationship between the presence of Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and presence of periodontal pockets. The study included eighty-eight patients, 25-60 years of age, with chronic periodontitis, and at least two sites with probing depth ≥ 5mm. Individual data examination was assessed. Then, samples were colleted from the periodontal pocket with the aid of paper tips and from the oral cavity through mouth rinses. Out of the total of patients, 37.50% presented Staphylococcus spp. in the periodontal pocket and 61.36% in the oral cavity, 27.27% presented the bacteria in both sites. S. epidermidis was the most prevalent specie in the periodontal pocket (15.9%) and oral cavity (27.27%). The occurrence of higher proportions of nonresident's microorganisms in subgingival samples and oral sites may represent significant problem in causing and maintaining periodontal infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and periodontal pockets of chronic periodontitis patients

Loberto¹,

Martins²,

Santos³

et al. 2004

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…These infections included cases of septicemia in patients undergoing hemodialyses and in patients with intravascular devices, wound infections in patients after surgery and staphylococcal infections in human immunodeficiency virus‐infected patients. The epidemiological relation between S. aureus carriage and these infections has been documented by phenotypic and genotypic methods [2,14,17,32,34,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of nasal carriage ofStaphylococcus aureusas risk factor for human skin infections

Toshkova

Annemüller

Akineden

et al. 2001

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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The present study was designed to investigate the significance and the relationship between nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcal skin infections. Thirty-one S. aureus strains, isolated from 12 patients with chronic and recurrent skin infections, one patient with septicemia and one patient with otitis externa were studied. The staphylococcal strains were isolated from the site of infection and from the anterior nares of each patient. The identity of both strains of each pair could be demonstrated by determination of phenotypic properties and by genotyping of the isolates. The phenotypic properties included hemolytic activities, antibiotic resistance data, and the production of enterotoxins. The identity was additionally confirmed by phage-typing, by determination of the size and the number of repeats of the X region of spa gene, by determination of gene polymorphisms of coa gene and by macrorestriction analysis of the chromosomal DNA of the isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The present results showed an identity of the S. aureus obtained from anterior nares and from skin infection of each patient indicating the importance of nasal carriage of these bacteria for development of human skin infection.

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“…The opportunistic bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is a major threat to public health and causes a range of infections from mild superficial lesions to potentially fatal deep-seated and disseminated infections (16,17). Recent clinical studies indicate that secreted lipases produced by S. aureus are likely to contribute to the pathobiology of disease in humans (18)(19)(20)(21)(22). More than 80% of clinical isolates of S. aureus from patients with infections like impetigo, furunculosis, bacteremia, peritonitis, and osteomyelitis have lipolytic activities (18)(19)(20)(21), and isolates from disseminated or deep infections have more lipolytic activity than those from localized or superficial infection sites (20).…”

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confidence: 99%

Bacterial lipolysis of immune-activating ligands promotes evasion of innate defenses

Chen

Alonzo

2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Commensal and pathogenic bacteria hydrolyze host lipid substrates with secreted lipases and phospholipases for nutrient acquisition, colonization, and infection. Bacterial lipase activity on mammalian lipids and phospholipids can promote release of free fatty acids from lipid stores, detoxify antimicrobial lipids, and facilitate membrane dissolution. The gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus secretes at least two lipases, Sal1 and glycerol ester hydrolase (Geh), with specificities for short- and long-chain fatty acids, respectively, each with roles in the hydrolysis of environmental lipids. In a recent study from our group, we made the unexpected observation that Geh released by S. aureus inhibits activation of innate immune cells. Herein, we investigated the possibility that S. aureus lipases interface with the host immune system to blunt innate immune recognition of the microbe. We found that the Geh lipase, but not other S. aureus lipases, prevents activation of innate cells in culture. Mutation of geh leads to enhancement of proinflammatory cytokine production during infection, increased innate immune activity, and improved clearance of the bacterium in infected tissue. These in vitro and in vivo effects on innate immunity were not due to direct functions of the lipase on mammalian cells, but rather a result of inactivation of S. aureus lipoproteins, a major pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) of extracellular gram-positive bacteria, via ester hydrolysis. Altogether, these studies provide insight into an adaptive trait that masks microbial recognition by innate immune cells through targeted inactivation of a broadly conserved PAMP.

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Comparative phenotypic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from line and non-line associated septicaemia, CAPD peritonitis, bone/joint infections and healthy nasal carriers

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and periodontal pockets of chronic periodontitis patients

Staphylococcus spp. in the oral cavity and periodontal pockets of chronic periodontitis patients

The significance of nasal carriage ofStaphylococcus aureusas risk factor for human skin infections

Bacterial lipolysis of immune-activating ligands promotes evasion of innate defenses

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