Comparative Performance of Early‐maturing Maize Cultivars Developed in Three Eras under Drought Stress and Well‐watered Environments in West Africa

Badu‐Apraku, B.; Oyekunle, M.; Menkir, Abebe; Ofori, Kwadwo; Yallou, C. G.; Usman, I. S.; Alidu, Huseini

doi:10.2135/cropsci2012.11.0640

Cited by 44 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This result indicated that substantial progress has been made in breeding cultivars with combined resistance and/or tolerance to drought, Striga and low-N during the past two decades. This result corroborates the findings of Badu-Apraku et al (2013a, 2013b, 2015b. The strong positive association between the performance of the cultivars across both multiplestress and non-stress environments indicated that cultivars selected across multiple-stress environments may also have superior performance under non-stress environments and, to a limited extent, vice versa.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Therefore, it is desirable to incorporate drought tolerance into cultivars that have resistance to Striga in the Sudan and northern Guinea savannas where intermittent drought is prevalent, as the two stresses occur together. Presently, farmers in Striga endemic agro-ecologies of WCA are demanding extra-early and early (90-95 d to maturity) cultivars with combined resistance or tolerance to Striga and drought and are unwilling to adopt maize cultivars that do not possess both adaptation to droughtprone environments and Striga resistance (Badu-Apraku et al, 2013a, 2013b, 2015b. Improvement for drought tolerance has most often resulted in specific adaptation and improved performance under low-N conditions, indicating that tolerance to either stress involves common adaptive mechanism (Bänziger et al, 1999;Badu-Apraku et al, 2011, 2015a.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Yield Gains in Extra‐Early Maize Cultivars of Three Breeding Eras under Multiple Environments

Badu‐Apraku¹,

Yallou

Ofori

et al. 2017

Agronomy Journal

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Core Ideas The study determined genetic improvement in grain yield of the cultivars during the breeding eras, investigated trait associations, and identified high‐yielding and stable cultivars across multiple‐stress and non‐stress environments. The study revealed an annual genetic gain of 2.72 and 2.28% for the cultivars under multiple‐stress and non‐stress environments. Cultivars 2004 TZEE‐Y Pop STR C4, TZEE‐W Pop STR QPM C0, TZEE‐W Pop STR BC2 C0 of era 2 and TZEE‐W STR 107 BC1, TZEE‐W Pop STR C5, and 2012 TZEE‐Y DT STR C5 of era 3 were the highest yielding and stable across multiple‐stress environments while 98 Syn EE‐W from era 1, FERKE TZEE‐W STR, TZEE‐W Pop STR C3, TZEE‐Y Pop STR QPM C0 from era 2, and TZEE‐W Pop STR C5, 2009 TZEE‐OR2 STR QPM, 2009 TZEE‐W STR, TZEE‐Y STR 106, TZEE‐W DT C0 STR C5 from era 3 were the most outstanding across non‐stress environments. We conclude that substantial progress has been made in breeding for multiple‐stress tolerant extra‐early maize cultivars in West and central Africa. Availability of extra‐early maize cultivars has facilitated the expansion of maize production into savannas of West and Central Africa (WCA). Fifty‐six extra‐early maize cultivars of three breeding eras;1995 to 2000, 2001 to 2006, and 2007 to 2012 were evaluated for 2 yr under 24 multiple‐stress and 28 non‐stress environments in WCA. Objectives of the study were to determine genetic improvement in grain yield of cultivars developed during the breeding eras, and identify high‐yielding and s multiple‐stress and non‐stress environments. Yield gains from era 1 to era 3 under multiple stresses was associated with increased days to anthesis, reduced stalk lodging, and improved husk cover. Cultivars 2004 TZEE‐Y Pop STR C4, TZEE‐W Pop STR QPM C0, and TZEE‐W Pop STR BC2 C0 of era 2; and TZEE‐W STR 107 BC1, TZEE‐W Pop STR C5, and 2012 TZEE‐Y DT STR C5 of era 3 were high‐yielding and stable across multiple‐stress environments while 98 Syn EE‐W from era 1, FERKE TZEE‐W STR, TZEE‐W Pop STR C3, and TZEE‐Y Pop STR QPM C0 from era 2, and TZEE‐W Pop STR C5, 2009 TZEE‐OR2 STR QPM, 2009 TZEE‐W STR, TZEE‐Y STR 106, and TZEE‐W DT C0 STR C5 from era 3 were outstanding across non‐stress environments and should be tested extensively and commercialized. Considerable improvement has been made in breeding for multiple‐stress tolerant extra‐early maize cultivars.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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confidence: 99%

Yield Gains in Extra‐Early Maize Cultivars of Three Breeding Eras under Multiple Environments

Badu‐Apraku¹,

Yallou

Ofori

et al. 2017

Agronomy Journal

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“…The inbred lines were assigned into heterotic groups under drought, low-N, optimal growing conditions and across research environments based on the HSGCA method proposed by Fan et al (2008), HGCAMT proposed by Badu-Apraku et al (2013c) and GD from SNP markers. Ward's minimum variance cluster analysis based on the Euclidean distance generated from HSGCA, HGCAMT, and GD from SNP markers was used to assign the 17 inbreds into heterotic groups under each contrasting environment and across environments using SAS software version 9.3 (SAS Institute, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of such methods is the HSGCA method that combines both SCA and GCA effects for assigning inbred lines into heterotic groups. Studies have so far proved this method to be more effective than the use of SCA effects of grain yield alone or molecular markers for classifying inbred lines into distinct groups (Fan et al, 2004;Badu-Apraku et al, 2013b, 2013cAkinwale et al, 2014). A grouping method using the GCA of multiple traits (designated HGCAMT) was proposed for grouping inbred lines (Badu-Apraku et al, 2013b).…”

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Heterotic Patterns of IITA and CIMMYT Early‐Maturing Yellow Maize Inbreds under Contrasting Environments

et al. 2016

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Drought and low soil nitrogen (low-N) constitute major constraints to maize (Zea mays L.) production in West Africa (WA). Th e International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) and International Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement (CIMMYT) have developed drought and low-N tolerant inbreds for Africa. Combinations between selected IITA and CIMMYT inbreds could produce outstanding hybrids. Diallel crosses of 12 IITA and fi ve CIMMYT early yellow inbreds plus four checks were evaluated under drought, low-N and optimal conditions at four locations in Nigeria for 2 yr. Th e objectives were to examine the combining ability of the inbreds for grain yield and other traits, classify the lines into heterotic groups, identify best testers under the contrasting environments, assess genotype × environment interactions and evaluate the yield performance and stability of single-cross hybrids. Grouping of the inbred lines was done with heterotic group's specifi c combining ability (SCA) and general combining ability (GCA) (HSGCA), single nucleotide polymorphism based genetic distance (SNP-GD) and GCA eff ects of multiple traits (HGCAMT) methods. Th e GCA mean squares for all traits were greater than SCA mean squares in all environments. Th e inbreds were classifi ed into four heterotic groups each across environments by HSGCA and SNP-GD while HGCAMT method placed them into three groups. HGCAMT was the most effi cient followed by HSGCA and then SNP-GD method. Th e HGCAMT identifi ed inbreds ENT 17, ENT 15, and ENT 8 as best testers for heterotic Groups 1, 2, and 3. Hybrids TZEI 17 × ENT 15, and TZEI 149 × ENT 15 were outstanding across environments.

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“…After genetic enhancement of these populations, a large number of cultivars and inbred lines of extra-early maturity, combining drought tolerance and resistance to S. hermonthica and MSV, were extracted from each population. Under the optimal conditions at Ikenne, the plants were irrigated throughout the growing period using the sprinkler irrigation system, as described by Badu-Apraku et al (2013a. It was therefore expected that the inbred lines would withstand the drought stress occurring during flowering and grain filling in the savannas of WCA, as had been observed in cultivars of other maturity groups.…”

Section: Development Of Extra-early Cultivarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gains in Grain Yield of Extra‐Early Maize during Three Breeding Periods under Drought and Rainfed Conditions

et al. 2018

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2399 RESEARCH M aize (Zea mays L.) is a major staple crop in West and Central Africa (WCA). The development and commercialization of extra-early maize that matures in 80 to 85 d have made it possible for maize to spread into the savannas of WCA. This has resulted in the expansion of the crop and rapid replacement of the traditional crops, including the indigenous sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] and pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.], particularly in the savannas of WCA. This is attributable to the fact that extra-early maize cultivars respond better to application of fertilizer, have a shorter growing cycle, and are ready for harvest much earlier than the indigenous sorghum and millet crops. In addition, as a result of the dry spell usually experienced from November of each year to March of the following year, early and extra-early crops are preferred to reduce the hunger gap in July of each year ABSTRACT Drought is a key maize (Zea mays L.

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Comparative Performance of Early‐maturing Maize Cultivars Developed in Three Eras under Drought Stress and Well‐watered Environments in West Africa

Cited by 44 publications

References 25 publications

Yield Gains in Extra‐Early Maize Cultivars of Three Breeding Eras under Multiple Environments

Yield Gains in Extra‐Early Maize Cultivars of Three Breeding Eras under Multiple Environments

Heterotic Patterns of IITA and CIMMYT Early‐Maturing Yellow Maize Inbreds under Contrasting Environments

Gains in Grain Yield of Extra‐Early Maize during Three Breeding Periods under Drought and Rainfed Conditions

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