Comparative Motor-Blocking Effects of Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine, A New Amino Amide Local Anesthetic, in the Rat and Dog

Feldman, Hal S.; Covino, Benjamín G.

doi:10.1213/00000539-198811000-00005

Cited by 80 publications

(60 citation statements)

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“…Presumably, the possible contributing factors for this contrasting finding might be the differences between the nerves being blocked, neuraxial versus peripheral nerves 27 ; the doses of DEX; and the volumes and types of local anesthetics used in the respective blocks where the bupivacaine is reported to produce longer motor blockade compared with ropivacaine. [28][29][30] As the dose of IV DEX increases, systemic effects such as prolonged sedation 10 and safety concerns of hemodynamic instabilities should be raised. 31 Dexmedetomidine has dose-dependent sedative effects, 24 but it usually resolves within 2 hours after terminating the infusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Dose of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine to Prolong the Analgesic Duration of Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block

Kang

Jeong

Yoo

et al. 2018

Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Dose of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine to Prolong the Analgesic Duration of Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block

Kang

Jeong

Yoo

et al. 2018

Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine

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“…Whether these descriptions of burning pain correlate to our model's findings requires further research, specifically to better determine differential time courses in vivo of heat hyperalgesia (or nociception) and mechanical nociception (or hyperalgesia). Such a model would likely include a panel of behavioral assessments as described herein or as previously described, 16,17 plus, the more detailed development of a model in which both nerve block resolution (such as in our model) and surgical pain 18 can be separately evaluated.…”

Section: Clinical Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Heat Hyperalgesia During Resolution of Ropivacaine Sciatic Nerve Block in the Rat

Kolarczyk

Williams

2011

Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine

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Background Preliminary studies using perineural sciatic ropivacaine in rat demonstrated unexpected heat hyperalgesia after block resolution. To better characterize the time course relative to mechanical anesthesia-analgesia, we tested the hypothesis that ropivacaine 0.5% leads to transient heat hyperalgesia in rat independent of mechanical nociception. We also evaluated functional toxicity (e.g., long-term hyperalgesia and/or tactile allodynia 2 weeks post-injection). Methods Under surgical exposure, left sciatic nerve block was performed in 2 groups of adult male rats – ropivacaine (200 μL, 5 mg/mL, n=14) versus vehicle (n=11). The efficacy and duration of block was assessed with serial heat, mechanical (Randall-Selitto testing), and tactile (von Frey-like monofilaments) tests; motor-proprioceptive (rotarod) and sedation tests were employed 1 hr and 7 hr post-injection. The presence of nerve injury was assessed by repeating the heat, tactile, and motor tests 12–14 days post-injection. Results Ropivacaine-induced anesthesia was fully manifest at 1 hr post-injection. At 3 hr post-injection, heat hypersensitivity was present in the setting of resolved mechanical analgesia. All behavioral measures returned to baseline by 2 wk post-injection. There was no evidence of (i) behavioral sedation, (ii) persistent changes in heat or mechanical sensitivity, or (iii) persistent changes in proprioceptive-motor function at 12–14 days post-injection. Conclusions Ropivacaine 0.5% induces transient heat hyperalgesia in the setting of resolved mechanical analgesia, further suggestive of modality and/or nociceptive fiber specificity. Whether this finding partially translates to “rebound pain” after patients’ nerve blocks wear off requires further study.

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“…Lidocaine, bupivacaine and ropivacaine are widely used for local anaesthesia, nerve blocking and epidural anaesthesia (Feldman and Covino 1988, Kee and others 2010, Chen and others 2012), but their injectable formulation has only been applied as a corneal topical anaesthetic in humans, rabbits and horses (Sun and others 1999, Borazan and others 2008, Fernandez and others 2009, Chandrasekhar and others 2011, Pucket and others 2013). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of corneal anaesthesia after the application of topical 2 per cent lidocaine, 0.5 per cent bupivacaine and 1 per cent ropivacaine in dogs

et al. 2014

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The objective of this study was to describe and compare the efficacy and duration of topical anaesthesia induced by 2 per cent lidocaine (L), 0.5 per cent bupivacaine (B) and 1 per cent ropivacaine (R) in the dog using 24 clinically healthy beagles with normal ocular examination. Dogs were randomly divided into three groups: 2 per cent lidocaine (n=8), 0.5 per cent bupivacaine (n=8) and 1 per cent ropivacaine (n=8). The baseline corneal touch threshold (CTT) was measured using a Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer. Following baseline CTT measurement, a single drop of the assigned anaesthetic was applied to each eye and the CTT was measured bilaterally within one minute after administration and every five minutes until the basal CTT value was restored. Data were analysed with non-parametric analysis of variance models and Dunnet's test for post hoc analysis. One per cent ropivacaine was the most effective drug (LCTTmax=3 cm, BCTTmax=2 cm, RCTTmax=0 cm; P<0.001), and had the shortest latency (LLatency=5 minutes, BLatency=5 minutes, RLatency=1 minute; P<0.001) and the smallest AUC (LAUC=80 cm×minute, BAUC=68.25 cm×minute, RAUC=36.88 cm×minute; P<0.001). There was no statistical difference in the duration of corneal anaesthesia between the groups (P=0.09) and all topical anaesthetics tested reduced corneal sensitivity, although 1 per cent ropivacaine had the maximal and quickest anaesthetic effect. This drug could be used for specific diagnostic procedures where quick and short, but effective, corneal anaesthesia is needed.

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Comparative Motor-Blocking Effects of Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine, A New Amino Amide Local Anesthetic, in the Rat and Dog

Cited by 80 publications

References 0 publications

Effective Dose of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine to Prolong the Analgesic Duration of Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block

Effective Dose of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine to Prolong the Analgesic Duration of Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block

Transient Heat Hyperalgesia During Resolution of Ropivacaine Sciatic Nerve Block in the Rat

Evaluation of corneal anaesthesia after the application of topical 2 per cent lidocaine, 0.5 per cent bupivacaine and 1 per cent ropivacaine in dogs

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