Comparative Mortality Following Single Whole-Body Exposures of Mice to Fission Neutrons and Co<sup>60</sup>Gamma Rays

Vogel, Howard H.; Clark, John W.; Jordan, Donn L.

doi:10.1148/68.3.386

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Within the range of doses from 752-956 roentgens, where 30-day mortality rate of whole body-irradiated mice increases from 10-65%, the mean survival time of doomed animals remains the same at 15 days [27] (Fig. 3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Effects of radiation on normal tissues: Hypothetical mechanisms and limitations of in situ assays of clonogenicity

Michałowski

1981

Radiat Environ Biophys

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is argued that proliferating normal tissues fall into two categories. In type H (for hierarchical) tissues, cells either multiply or perform tissue-specific functions. Sterilizing doses or radiation immediately initiate a gradual depopulation of irreversibly postmitotic, mature cells. The constant rate of functional cell depletion is given by physiological longevity of the cells. Consequently the onset of maximal depopulation is dose-independent and, after a range of radiation doses, the peak of milder damage is seen earlier than that of a more severe one. In type F (for flexible) tissues all cells are assumed to have the potential for proliferation and are also engaged in tissue-specific functions. Radiation leads to dose-dependent loss of the functional cells through their mitotic death, both immediately after exposure and during the next phase of increased compensatory proliferation resulting in accelerated expression of radiation damage ('avalanche'). Consequently the more severe damage following larger doses of radiation is seen earlier than the milder one produced with smaller doses. Assays of cell clonogenicity in vivo concern almost exclusively type H populations. The large radiation/drug/heat doses administered in these assays serve both to dilute the clonogenic cells by at least two orders of magnitude, and to produce a measurable response. When comparing two agents or interpreting their combined action it is advisable to ensure that the dilution step yields qualitatively comparable samples of clonogenic cells to be then characterized in terms of dose-survival curve parameters.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Effects of radiation on normal tissues: Hypothetical mechanisms and limitations of in situ assays of clonogenicity

Michałowski

1981

Radiat Environ Biophys

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the basis of published data (Quastler 1945, Vogel et al . 1957), Michalowski concluded that type H tissues did not manifest an avalanche effect .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose Dependent Latency of Fatal Gastrointestinal and Bone Marrow Syndromes

Mason¹,

Davis²

1989

International Journal of Radiation Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Secondly, higher radiation dose rates (i.e. Gy min À1 ) might significantly increase radiosensitivity (Vogel, Clark & Jordan 1957;Neal 1960;Egami & Hama 1975). The radiation dose rate of recent in vivo lCT studies ranges from 0Á01 to 0Á53 Gy min À1 (Table 3), while those used in studies assessing radiosensitivity in reptiles and amphibians (Table 2) are tenfold higher than the average lCT radiation dose rate.…”

Section: R a D I O S E N S I T I V I T Y I N R E P T I L E S A N D A mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beauty is more than skin deep: a non‐invasive protocol for in vivo anatomical study using micro‐CT

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Microcomputed tomography (μCT) is a widely used tool in biomedical research, employed to investigate tissues and bone structures of small mammals in vivo. The application of in vivo μCT scanning in non‐medical studies greatly lags behind the rapid advancements made in the biomedical field wherein the methodology has evolved to allow for longitudinal studies and eliminate the need to sacrifice the animal. Ecological and evolutionary studies often involve morphological measurements of a large sample of live animals; however, the potential of in vivo μCT imaging as a method for data acquisition has yet to be delineated. Here, we describe a protocol for in vivo μCT imaging of the internal anatomy of reptiles and amphibians, commonly used study organisms in ecological and evolutionary research. We consider the skeletal and extraskeletal (i.e. osteoderms) bones of a lizard as a case study to elucidate the potential of in vivo μCT imaging. First, we explore the effects of various parameter settings on radiation dose, scan time and image quality. Secondly, we develop a protocol to immobilize and restrain study organisms during scanning without need for the administration of anaesthetics and compare the results of the in vivo protocol to images obtained post‐mortem. To immobilize animals, we replace the use of anaesthetics by cooling, thereby allowing the use of previously unsuitable rotating gantry μCT scanners that are readily available in scientific institutions. The resultant image quality of in vivo μCT scans is similar to that of post‐mortem μCT scans, especially in the abdominal region. We discuss the effect of tube voltage, distance to X‐ray source and metal filtration on radiation dose, and how these parameters could be altered to reduce the cumulative radiation dose while maintaining optimal image quality. The proposed in vivo μCT protocol offers a new approach to acquire anatomical information for non‐biomedical studies. We offer specific suggestions as to how the protocol can be employed to suit a variety of model organisms.

show abstract

Comparative Mortality Following Single Whole-Body Exposures of Mice to Fission Neutrons and Co⁶⁰Gamma Rays

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of radiation on normal tissues: Hypothetical mechanisms and limitations of in situ assays of clonogenicity

Effects of radiation on normal tissues: Hypothetical mechanisms and limitations of in situ assays of clonogenicity

Dose Dependent Latency of Fatal Gastrointestinal and Bone Marrow Syndromes

Beauty is more than skin deep: a non‐invasive protocol for in vivo anatomical study using micro‐CT

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Comparative Mortality Following Single Whole-Body Exposures of Mice to Fission Neutrons and Co60Gamma Rays

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of radiation on normal tissues: Hypothetical mechanisms and limitations of in situ assays of clonogenicity

Effects of radiation on normal tissues: Hypothetical mechanisms and limitations of in situ assays of clonogenicity

Dose Dependent Latency of Fatal Gastrointestinal and Bone Marrow Syndromes

Beauty is more than skin deep: a non‐invasive protocol for in vivo anatomical study using micro‐CT

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Comparative Mortality Following Single Whole-Body Exposures of Mice to Fission Neutrons and Co⁶⁰Gamma Rays