Comparative morphological and transcriptomic analyses reveal novel chemosensory genes in the poultry red mite, <i>Dermanyssus gallinae</i> and knockdown by RNA interference

Bhowmick, Biswajit; Tang, Yu; Lin, Fang; Øines, Øivind; Zhao, Jianguo; Liao, Chenghong; Hansson, Bill S.; Han, Qian

doi:10.1101/2020.04.09.034587

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Thus, the discovery of a tick neuropeptide GPCR may have commercial potential for tick control as lead molecules for drug/vaccine development. Moreover, there are no true orthologous mammalian receptors of the tick kinin receptor, which makes it an attractive potential (69,70).…”

Section: Transmembrane Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Tick Biology and Its Implications in Anti-tick and Transmission Blocking Vaccines Against Tick-Borne Pathogens

Bhowmick

Han

2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Ticks are obligate blood-feeding ectoparasites that transmit a wide variety of pathogens to animals and humans in many parts of the world. Currently, tick control methods primarily rely on the application of chemical acaricides, which results in the development of resistance among tick populations and environmental contamination. Therefore, an alternative tick control method, such as vaccines have been shown to be a feasible strategy that offers a sustainable, safe, effective, and environment-friendly solution. Nevertheless, novel control methods are hindered by a lack of understanding of tick biology, tick-pathogen-host interface, and identification of effective antigens in the development of vaccines. This review highlights the current knowledge and data on some of the tick-protective antigens that have been identified for the formulation of anti-tick vaccines along with the effects of these vaccines on the control of tick-borne diseases.

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Section: Transmembrane Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Tick Biology and Its Implications in Anti-tick and Transmission Blocking Vaccines Against Tick-Borne Pathogens

Bhowmick

Han

2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Here, we have presented the first transcriptomic analysis of each stage of PRM, assessed global and stage/sexenriched gene expression and performed pair-wise comparisons of gene expression in the most relevant biological comparisons/transitions. Previous analyses of gene expression in PRM have described the transcriptome of mixed life stages [76], comparative transcriptomes of fed/starved mites [3,41] and analysis of chemosensory gene expression in different organs [7]. We have also made the transcriptomic data comparisons across stages publicly-accessible for every predicted gene through the OrcAE system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Panel b shows 6 superclusters within this network which were highly expressed in single stages where "E", "L", "P", "D" "AM" and "AF" represent transcripts that have high expression in eggs, larvae, protonymphs, deutonymphs, adult males and adult females respectively. Panel c shows the mean transcript per million (TPM) data for all D. gallinae transcripts in each of the stage-enriched clusters (Superclusters 1-6) 2725 (1) Adult Males (AM) 292 (13) Deutonymphs (D) 295 (12) Protonymphs (P) 165 (17) Larvae (L) 1907 (3) Eggs (E) 1052 (4) E/AF 2480 (2) E/D 178 (16) E/L 743 (6) L/AF 688 (8) L/AM 201 (15) L/D 382 (11) L/D/AF 236 (14) P/D 695 (7) D/AF 899 (5) D/AF/AM 414 (10) D/AM 593 (9) Genes most abundant in multiple life stages and sexes…”

Section: Assessment Of the Most Abundantly Expressed Genes For Each Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis of the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, across all stages of the lifecycle

et al. 2021

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Background The blood feeding poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, causes substantial economic damage to the egg laying industry worldwide, and is a serious welfare concern for laying hens and poultry house workers. In this study we have investigated the temporal gene expression across the 6 stages/sexes (egg, larvae, protonymph and deutonymph, adult male and adult female) of this neglected parasite in order to understand the temporal expression associated with development, parasitic lifestyle, reproduction and allergen expression. Results RNA-seq transcript data for the 6 stages were mapped to the PRM genome creating a publicly available gene expression atlas (on the OrcAE platform in conjunction with the PRM genome). Network analysis and clustering of stage-enriched gene expression in PRM resulted in 17 superclusters with stage-specific or multi-stage expression profiles. The 6 stage specific superclusters were clearly demarked from each other and the adult female supercluster contained the most stage specific transcripts (2725), whilst the protonymph supercluster the fewest (165). Fifteen pairwise comparisons performed between the different stages resulted in a total of 6025 Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) (P > 0.99). These data were evaluated alongside a Venn/Euler analysis of the top 100 most abundant genes in each stage. An expanded set of cuticle proteins and enzymes (chitinase and metallocarboxypeptidases) were identified in larvae and underpin cuticle formation and ecdysis to the protonymph stage. Two mucin/peritrophic-A salivary proteins (DEGAL6771g00070, DEGAL6824g00220) were highly expressed in the blood-feeding stages, indicating peritrophic membrane formation during feeding. Reproduction-associated vitellogenins were the most abundant transcripts in adult females whilst, in adult males, an expanded set of serine and cysteine proteinases and an epididymal protein (DEGAL6668g00010) were highly abundant. Assessment of the expression patterns of putative homologues of 32 allergen groups from house dust mites indicated a bias in their expression towards the non-feeding larval stage of PRM. Conclusions This study is the first evaluation of temporal gene expression across all stages of PRM and has provided insight into developmental, feeding, reproduction and survival strategies employed by this mite. The publicly available PRM resource on OrcAE offers a valuable tool for researchers investigating the biology and novel interventions of this parasite.

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“…Eggs (E) 1052 (4) 7 E/AF 2480 (2) 8 E/D 178 (16) 9 E/L 743 (6) 10 L/AF 688 (8) 11 L/AM 201 (15) 12 L/D 382 (11) 13 L/D/AF 236 (14) 14 P/D 695 (7) 15 D/AF 899 (5) 16 D/AF/AM 414 (10) 17 D/AM 593 (9)…”

Section: Competing Interestsunclassified

Transcriptomic Analysis of The Poultry Red Mite, Dermanyssus Gallinae, Across All Stages of The Lifecycle.

Bartley

Chen

Mills

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The blood feeding poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, causes substantial economic damage to the egg laying industry worldwide, and is serious welfare concern for laying hens and poultry house workers. In this study we have investigated the temporal gene expression across the 6 stages/sexes (egg, larvae, protonymph and deutonymph, adult male and adult female) of this neglected parasite in order to understand the temporal expression associated with development, parasitic lifestyle, reproduction and allergen expression. Results: RNA-seq transcript data for the 6 stages was mapped to the PRM genome creating a publicly available gene expression atlas (on the OrcAE platform in conjunction with the PRM genome). Network analysis and clustering of stage-enriched gene expression in PRM resulted in 17 superclusters with stage-specific or multi-stage expression profiles. The 6 stage specific superclusters were clearly demarked from each other and the adult female supercluster contained the most stage specific transcripts (2,725), whilst the protonymph supercluster the fewest (165). Fifteen pairwise comparisons performed between the different stages resulting in a total of 6025 Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) (P>0.99). These data were evaluated alongside a Venn/Euler analysis of the top 100 most abundant genes in each stage. An expanded set of cuticle proteins and enzymes (chitinase and metallacarboxypeptidases) were identified in larvae and underpin cuticle formation and ecdysis to the protonymph stage. Two mucin/peritrophic-A salivary proteins (DEGAL6771g00070, DEGAL6824g00220) were highly expressed in the blood-feeding stages, indicating peritrophic membrane formation during feeding. Reproduction-associated vitellogenins were the most abundant transcripts in adult females, whilst in adult males, an expanded set of serine and cysteine proteinases and an epididymal protein (DEGAL6668g00010) were highly abundant. Assessment of the expression patterns of putative homologues of 32 allergen groups described for the house dust mites indicated a bias in expression towards the non-feeding larval stage.Conclusions: This study is the first evaluation of temporal gene expression across all stages of PRM and has provided insight into developmental, feeding, reproduction and survival strategies employed by this mite. The publicly available PRM resource on OrcAE offers an invaluable tool for researchers investigating the biology and novel interventions of this parasite.

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Comparative morphological and transcriptomic analyses reveal novel chemosensory genes in the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae and knockdown by RNA interference

Cited by 4 publications

References 68 publications

Understanding Tick Biology and Its Implications in Anti-tick and Transmission Blocking Vaccines Against Tick-Borne Pathogens

Understanding Tick Biology and Its Implications in Anti-tick and Transmission Blocking Vaccines Against Tick-Borne Pathogens

Transcriptomic analysis of the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, across all stages of the lifecycle

Transcriptomic Analysis of The Poultry Red Mite, Dermanyssus Gallinae, Across All Stages of The Lifecycle.

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