Comparative morphological and anatomical study of self-repair in succulent cylindrical plant organs

Anandan, Shamundeeswari; Rudolph, Annkathrin; Speck, Thomas; Speck, Olga

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2018.02.008

Cited by 22 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In addition, the coagulation mechanisms of latex defense have been used as a bio-inspirational source for the production of selfhealing materials [154][155][156]. Bio-inspiration implies the conscious application of an idea or a system from nature [156].…”

Section: Latex As a Bioactive Chemical Resourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Latex, from Ecological Interests to Bioactive Chemical Resources

2019

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Historically, latex-bearing plants have been regarded as important medicinal resources in many countries due to their characteristic latex ingredients. They have also often been endowed with a social or cultural significance in religious or cult rituals or for hunting. Initial chemical studies focused on the protein or peptide content but recently the interest extended to smaller molecules. Latex has been found to contain a broad range of specialized metabolites such as terpenoids, cardenolides, alkaloids, and phenolics, which are partly responsible for their antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, cytotoxic, and insect-repellent activities. The diversity in biology and chemistry of latexes is supposedly associated to their ecological roles in interactions with exogenous factors. Latexes contain unique compounds that are different to those found in their bearing plants. Exploring the feasibility of plant latex as a new type of bioactive chemical resource, this review paper covers the chemical characterization of plant latexes, extending this to various other plant exudates. Also, the factors influencing this chemical differentiation and the production, transportation, and chemistry of the latex exudates are described, based on ecological and biochemical mechanisms. We also proposed a latex coagulation model involving 4 general conserved steps. Therefore, the inherent defensive origin of latexes is recognized as their most valuable character and encourages one to pay attention to these materials as alternative sources to discover metabolites with insecticidal or antimicrobial activity.

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Section: Latex As a Bioactive Chemical Resourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Latex, from Ecological Interests to Bioactive Chemical Resources

2019

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“…The control group did not receive this intervention. Preliminary tests and investigations on other plants have shown that wound healing is completed after about three weeks (Paul-Victor et al 2017;Anandan et al 2018).…”

Section: Overall Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparative studies of artificially injured plant organs have revealed various wound reactions that can be subdivided into a fast selfsealing phase followed by a markedly slower self-healing phase, both being included under the umbrella term of self-repair (Harrington et al 2015). Mechanical damage is immediately followed mainly by physical reactions causing rapid self-sealing that include: (i) tissue deformation in the wounded region (Anandan et al 2018;Speck et al 2018), and (ii) discharge of mucilage (Zimmermann and Granata 2002;Anandan et al 2018). During the subsequent self-healing phase, chemical reactions and more complex biological responses dominate such as: (i) coagulation of latex (Bauer and Speck 2012), (ii) local lignification of tissues (Paul-Victor et al 2017), (iii) formation of a (ligno-suberized) boundary layer (Rittinger et al 1987;Evert 2006), and (iv) development of a wound periderm (Evert 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wound reactions in stems of Leonurus cardiaca: a morphological, anatomical, and biomechanical study

Speck

Schmauder

Speck

et al. 2020

Botany

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During biological evolution, plants evolved various types of wound reactions. This study focuses on the self-healing of plant fibers in the model plant Leonurus cardiaca L. In one of the square-shaped internodes of each plant, all four prominent strands of the collenchyma were damaged by a razor blade with a central incision in a longitudinal direction. After 20 to 24 days, the morphology, anatomy, and biomechanics of the healed internodes were compared with undamaged controls. Stem height increased highly significantly in the healed and control plants, although the healed internodes were significantly shorter than the respective control internodes. Light microscopy examination of the wounded region revealed permanent gaping of the wound and the formation of a distinct boundary layer. Four-point-bending tests showed a significantly lower flexural rigidity (self-healing efficiency = 44%) and a highly significantly lower bending elastic modulus (self-healing efficiency = 66%) for the healed internodes compared with the controls, although the axial second moments of area did not differ significantly (self-healing efficiency = 82%). After a healing period of three weeks, recovery of the morphological–anatomical characteristics and mechanical properties of the healed internodes was incomplete compared with the undamaged control samples. Nevertheless, the self-healing efficiency seemed to be sufficient to ensure the integrity of the stem during the entire growth period.

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“…The fresh and dry rhizome weight in the current study were contrastingly different from those reported by Setiadi et al (2017) with values of 0.31 and 0.18 kg/plants, respectively. Variation in agro-morphological character is affected by environmental (Mohammadi and Asadi-Gharneh 2018), developmental (Anandan et al 2018), and genetical (Neugart et al 2018) factors.…”

Section: Agro-morphological Charactersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic and flavonoid content in ethanol extract and agro-morphological diversity of Curcuma aeruginosa accessions growing in West Java, Indonesia

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Khumaida N, Syukur M, Bintang M, Nurcholis W. 2019. Phenolic and flavonoid content in ethanol extract and agro-morphological diversity of Curcuma aeruginosa accessions growing in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 656-663. Curcuma aeruginosa is a rhizomatous medicinal plant with beneficial pharmacological activities. The aim of this work was to analyze the agro-morphological, extract yield, and phenolic content of ten C. aeruginosa accessions which were collected from different locations in Indonesia. Cultivation was carried out in the open field in West Java of Indonesia using a completely randomized design. Qualitative and quantitative parameters were used to investigate agro-morphological traits. Total phenolic and total flavonoids contents were determined in ethanol extracts of samples. The plants were phenotypically diverse, in which there were significant variations among the ten C. aeruginosa accessions in number of leaves, plant height, number of shoots, fresh weight of rhizome, and dry weight of rhizome characters. Variability in the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents ranged from 29.08-46.92 mg GAE/g, and 21.31-33.81 mg QE/g, respectively. Six accessions had high phenolic content and extract yield. Therefore, these accessions could be utilized for commercial scale and also showed a high potency for medicinal plant breeding programs.

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Comparative morphological and anatomical study of self-repair in succulent cylindrical plant organs

Cited by 22 publications

References 21 publications

Plant Latex, from Ecological Interests to Bioactive Chemical Resources

Plant Latex, from Ecological Interests to Bioactive Chemical Resources

Wound reactions in stems of Leonurus cardiaca: a morphological, anatomical, and biomechanical study

Phenolic and flavonoid content in ethanol extract and agro-morphological diversity of Curcuma aeruginosa accessions growing in West Java, Indonesia

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