Comparative morphological analysis during larval development of three syntopic newt species (Urodela: Salamandridae)

Bernabò, Ilaria; Brunelli, Elvira

doi:10.1080/24750263.2019.1568599

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Between spring and summer 2018, we collected 12 larvae from two populations for each of the 13 amphibian species (total: 26 populations, 312 individuals). Amphibian larvae were at intermediate developmental stages (for anurans, Gosner's stage 28-33 (Gosner 1960); for caudates, stages 51b-52b according to (Bernabò and Brunelli 2019)) and were all collected from populations where the European crayfish is currently extinct (amphibians sharing a coevolutionary history with the native crayfish) or naturally absent (amphibians without coevolutionary history). All amphibian larvae come from populations uninvaded by the alien crayfish.…”

Section: Study Area and Collection Of Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual recognition and coevolutionary history drive responses of amphibians to an invasive predator

et al. 2021

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During biotic invasions, native prey are abruptly exposed to novel predators and are faced with unprecedented predatory pressures. Under these circumstances, the lack of common evolutionary history may hamper predator recognition by native prey, undermining the expression of effective antipredator responses. Nonetheless, mechanisms allowing prey to overcome evolutionary naïveté exist. For instance, in naïve prey, history of coevolution with similar native predators or detection of general traits characterizing predators can favor the recognition of stimuli released by invasive predators. However, few studies have assessed how these mechanisms shape prey response at the community level. Here, we evaluated behavioral responses in naïve larvae of 13 amphibian species to chemical and visual cues associated with an invasive predator, the American red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). Moreover, we investigated how variation among species responses was related to their coexistence with similar native crayfish predators. Amphibian larvae altered their behavior in presence of visual stimuli of the alien crayfish, while chemical cues elicited feeble and contrasting behavioral shifts. Activity reduction was the most common and stronger response, whereas some species exhibited more heterogeneous strategies also involving distancing and rapid escape response. Interestingly, species sharing coevolutionary history with the native crayfish were able to finely tune their response to the invasive one, performing bursts to escape. These results suggest native prey can respond to invasive predators through recognition of generic risk cues (e.g., approaching large shapes), still the capability of modulating antipredator strategies may also depend on their coevolutionary history with similar native predators.

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Section: Study Area and Collection Of Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual recognition and coevolutionary history drive responses of amphibians to an invasive predator

et al. 2021

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“…The larvae changed their feeding strategy at the developmental stage 50. The kinematics in this pre-metamorphosis stage (see Bernabò and Brunelli, 2019) resembles that of the adult specimens. The limbs and the tail were involved in the prey ingestion mode and the prey capture starts with the activation of the locomotor apparatus -the gape opened with a delay relative to the limb and tail activation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…We started the feeding kinematics investigation at larval stage 42 (according to the developmental stages of Bernabò and Brunelli, 2019). Before the recordings we housed the specimens with no food for 24 h, then we moved the larvae individually in the experimental aquaria where they were filmed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenetic Changes of the Aquatic Food Uptake Mode in the Danube Crested Newt (Triturus dobrogicus Kiritzescu 1903)

et al. 2021

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The study of the feeding mechanisms in vertebrates requires an integrative approach since the feeding event consists of a chain of behaviors. In the present study we investigated the food uptake behavior in different ontogenetic stages in the Danube crested newt (Triturus dobrogicus). We focused on the coordination in the kinematics of the elements of the locomotor and the feeding systems at the transition between the approach of the newt to the prey and the food uptake start. In the feeding strategy of the larvae of T. dobrogicus, the phase of food search is replaced by an initial “food detection phase.” In both larvae and adult specimens, the animals approached the food to a close distance by a precise positioning of the snout besides the food item. The larvae were able to reach food items offered at over 80° relative to the longitudinal midline of the head. When the food was offered at a large distance or laterally, the food uptake was either not successful or the coordination chain at the transition between food approach and food uptake was interrupted. In young larvae we detected an abrupt change in the activity of the locomotor system and the feeding system. The larvae approached the food by tail undulation and after reaching the final position of attack, no further activity of the locomotor apparatus was detectable. The larvae used a pure form of inertial suction to ingest food. In pre-metamorphic larvae and adults we registered an integrated activation of the locomotor apparatus (both limbs and tail) and the feeding apparatus during prey capture in the form of compensatory suction. The drastic change in the feeding mode of the pre-metamorphotic larvae and the adults compared to the younger larvae in T. dobrogicus may indicate the evolutionary development of a defined relation in the activity of the locomotor system and the control of the feeding apparatus. We propose that in newts, the interaction between the control execution in both systems switched from successive (body movement – feeding) into integrated (body movement – body movement and feeding) during the ontogeny. The main trigger for such a switch (at least in T. dobrogicus) is the formation of functional limbs during the late larval development.

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“…Moreover, considering the plasticity in embryonic stages at hatching in other salamander taxa (Sih & Moore, 1993; Voss, 1993), thermal stress may reduce developmental time not solely by accelerating rates but by inducing hatching at earlier stages. However, alpine newts embryos hatch between stages 32 and 35 (Epperlein & Junginger, 1982) corresponding to the formation of the forelimb bud and a forelimb with bifurcation in alpine newts (Bernabò & Brunelli, 2019), which suggests that such a relatively small variation may not adequately account for the substantial differences in developmental time among experimental groups. While it remains uncertain which specific mechanism or combination thereof is responsible for shaping the reaction norm for developmental time, the results clearly indicate that acute thermal stress leaves a discernible impact on embryonic development in this species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of amphibian embryos to timing and magnitude of present and future thermal extremes

Oborová,

Šugerková,

Gvoždík

2024

J Exp Zool Pt A

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Ongoing climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme temperature events. Unlike the gradual increase on average environmental temperatures, these short‐term and unpredictable temperature extremes impact population dynamics of ectotherms through their effect on individual survival. While previous research has predominantly focused on the survival rate of terrestrial embryos under acute heat stress, less attention has been dedicated to the nonlethal effects of ecologically realistic timing and magnitude of temperature extremes on aquatic embryos. In this study, we investigated the influence of the timing and magnitude of current and projected temperature extremes on embryonic life history traits and hatchling behavior in the alpine newt, Ichthyosaura alpestris. Using a factorial experiment under controlled laboratory conditions, we exposed 3‐ or 10‐day‐old embryos to different regimes of extreme temperatures for 3 days. Our results show that exposure to different extreme temperature regimes led to a shortened embryonic development time and an increase in hatchling length, while not significantly affecting embryonic survival. The duration of development was sensitive to the timing of temperature extremes, as early exposure accelerated embryo development. Exposure to temperature extremes during embryonic development heightened the exploratory activity of hatched larvae. We conclude that the timing and magnitude of ecologically realistic temperature extremes during embryogenesis have nonlethal effects on life history and behavioral traits. This suggests that species' vulnerability to climate change might be determined by other ecophysiological traits beyond embryonic thermal tolerance in temperate pond‐breeding amphibians.

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Comparative morphological analysis during larval development of three syntopic newt species (Urodela: Salamandridae)

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Visual recognition and coevolutionary history drive responses of amphibians to an invasive predator

Visual recognition and coevolutionary history drive responses of amphibians to an invasive predator

Ontogenetic Changes of the Aquatic Food Uptake Mode in the Danube Crested Newt (Triturus dobrogicus Kiritzescu 1903)

Sensitivity of amphibian embryos to timing and magnitude of present and future thermal extremes

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