Comparative microcomputed tomography and histological analysis of the effects of a horizontal platelet‐rich fibrin bone block on maxillary sinus augmentation: A preclinical in vivo study
Abstract:Background: While suggested to be effective in tissue regeneration, the effects of horizontal platelet-rich fibrin (H-PRF) bone block in sinus augmentation have not been verified in an animal model.
Methods:A total of 12 male New Zealand white rabbits that underwent sinus augmentation were divided into two groups: deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) only and H-PRF bone block. H-PRF was prepared at 700 × g for 8 min using a horizontal centrifuge. The H-PRF bone block was prepared by mixing 0.1 g DBBM with … Show more
“…The sticky bone blends the intrinsic regenerative bioactivity of PRF with the structural continuity afforded by synthetic bone substitutes, potentially augmenting surgical handling and localization while promoting osseous regeneration [21]. In vivo, evidence demonstrates that the sticky bone boosts progenitor recruitment, bone matrix deposition, and remodeling compared to solo components [23][24][25][26]. In addition, it enables precise contouring and space maintenance conducive to adequate bone fill and contour by stabilizing granules within surgical sites [27].…”
Platelet-rich Fibrin (PRF), a second-generation blood concentrate, offers a versatile structure for bone regeneration due to its composition of fibrin, growth factors, and cytokines, with adaptations like denatured albumin-enriched with liquid PRF (Alb-PRF), showing potential for enhanced stability and growth factor dynamics. Researchers have also explored the combination of PRF with other biomaterials, aiming to create a three-dimensional framework for enhanced cell recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation in bone repair studies. This study aimed to evaluate a combination of Alb-PRF with nanostructured carbonated hydroxyapatite microspheres (Alb-ncHA-PRF), and how this association affects the release capacity of growth factors and immunomodulatory molecules, and its impact on the behavior of MG63 human osteoblast-like cells. Alb-PRF membranes were prepared and associated with nanocarboapatite (ncHA) microspheres during polymerization. MG63 cells were exposed to eluates of both membranes to assess cell viability, proliferation, mineralization, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The ultrastructural analysis has shown that the spheres were shattered, and fragments were incorporated into both the fibrin mesh and the albumin gel of Alb-PRF. Alb-ncHA-PRF presented a reduced release of growth factors and cytokines when compared to Alb-PRF (p < 0.05). Alb-ncHA-PRF was able to stimulate osteoblast proliferation and ALP activity at lower levels than those observed by Alb-PRF and was unable to positively affect in vitro mineralization by MG63 cells. These findings indicate that the addition of ncHA spheres reduces the biological activity of Alb-PRF, impairing its initial effects on osteoblast behavior.
“…The sticky bone blends the intrinsic regenerative bioactivity of PRF with the structural continuity afforded by synthetic bone substitutes, potentially augmenting surgical handling and localization while promoting osseous regeneration [21]. In vivo, evidence demonstrates that the sticky bone boosts progenitor recruitment, bone matrix deposition, and remodeling compared to solo components [23][24][25][26]. In addition, it enables precise contouring and space maintenance conducive to adequate bone fill and contour by stabilizing granules within surgical sites [27].…”
Platelet-rich Fibrin (PRF), a second-generation blood concentrate, offers a versatile structure for bone regeneration due to its composition of fibrin, growth factors, and cytokines, with adaptations like denatured albumin-enriched with liquid PRF (Alb-PRF), showing potential for enhanced stability and growth factor dynamics. Researchers have also explored the combination of PRF with other biomaterials, aiming to create a three-dimensional framework for enhanced cell recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation in bone repair studies. This study aimed to evaluate a combination of Alb-PRF with nanostructured carbonated hydroxyapatite microspheres (Alb-ncHA-PRF), and how this association affects the release capacity of growth factors and immunomodulatory molecules, and its impact on the behavior of MG63 human osteoblast-like cells. Alb-PRF membranes were prepared and associated with nanocarboapatite (ncHA) microspheres during polymerization. MG63 cells were exposed to eluates of both membranes to assess cell viability, proliferation, mineralization, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The ultrastructural analysis has shown that the spheres were shattered, and fragments were incorporated into both the fibrin mesh and the albumin gel of Alb-PRF. Alb-ncHA-PRF presented a reduced release of growth factors and cytokines when compared to Alb-PRF (p < 0.05). Alb-ncHA-PRF was able to stimulate osteoblast proliferation and ALP activity at lower levels than those observed by Alb-PRF and was unable to positively affect in vitro mineralization by MG63 cells. These findings indicate that the addition of ncHA spheres reduces the biological activity of Alb-PRF, impairing its initial effects on osteoblast behavior.
The survival of an organism relies on its ability to repair the damage caused by trauma, toxic agents, and inflammation. This process involving cell proliferation and differentiation is driven by several growth factors and is critically dependent on the organization of the extracellular matrix. Since autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) are fibrin matrices in which cells, growth factors, and cytokines are trapped and delivered over time, they are able to influence that response at different levels. The present review thoroughly describes the molecular components present in one of these APCs, leukocyte‐ and platelet‐rich fibrin (L‐PRF), and summarizes the level of evidence regarding the influence of L‐PRF on anti‐inflammatory reactions, analgesia, hemostasis, antimicrobial capacity, and its biological mechanisms on bone/soft tissue regeneration.
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