Comparative Microbial Profiles of Colonic Digesta between Ningxiang Pig and Large White Pig

Lei, Linfeng; Wang, Zhaobin; Li, Jianzhong; Yang, Huansheng; Yin, Yulong; Tan, Bin; Chen, Jiashun

doi:10.3390/ani11071862

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The number of pigs in the world is estimated to be approximately 1 billion. Intestinal microbes can regulate the growth characteristics and health status of the host, such as fat deposition traits ( Lei et al, 2021 ), chronic diseases (cancer and metabolic disorders) ( Coleman et al, 2018 ; Just et al, 2018 ; Zitvogel et al, 2018 ), and disease resistance (resistance to intestinal infection) ( Kumar et al, 2018 ). The Tibetan pig is a unique and valuable pig breed from the Tibetan Plateau that shows strong fat deposition ability, strong disease resistance, adaptability to high altitude hypoxia, and resistance to the cold and rough feeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthy Gut Microbiome Composition Enhances Disease Resistance and Fat Deposition in Tibetan Pigs

et al. 2022

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The gut microbiota is involved in a range of physiological processes in animals, and modulating the microbiome composition is considered a novel target for identifying animal traits. Tibetan pigs show better fat deposition and disease resistance compared to Yorkshire pigs. However, studies investigating the correlation between favorable characteristics in Tibetan pigs and the gut microbial community remain scarce. In the current study, 1,249,822 high-quality sequences were obtained by amplicon sequencing of the colon contents of Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs. We found that at the boundary level, the abundance and relative abundance of colon bacterial community in Tibetan pigs were higher than that in Yorkshire pigs (P > 0.05). Phylum level, Firmicutes were the dominant colonic microflora of Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs, and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides in Tibetan pigs was slightly higher than in Yorkshire pigs. Actinobacteria and Spirobacteria were significantly higher in Tibetan pigs than in Yorkshire pigs (P < 0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Bacteriologist, which are related to disease resistance, was significantly higher than that in Yorkshire pigs in Yorkshire pigs. In conclusion, the composition and abundance of colonic intestinal microflora in Tibetan pigs were closely related to their superior traits. Bifidobacteria, Ruminococcaceae, and Family-XIII-AD3011-Group are conducive to improving disease resistance in Tibetan pigs. Lactobacillus and Solobacterium were observed to be the main bacterial communities involved in fat deposition in Tibetan pigs. This study will provide a new reference for the development and utilization of Tibetan pigs in future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthy Gut Microbiome Composition Enhances Disease Resistance and Fat Deposition in Tibetan Pigs

et al. 2022

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“…Bama pigs serve as ideal models for biomedical research, which are exhibited by a high intramuscular fat content ( 17 ). In addition, NingX pigs, a well-known Chinese indigenous fatty-type breed, have gained more diverse bacterial communities ( 18 ). Although the performance, appearance, and original geographic location of these breeds are variant, the microbiota does contribute to shaping their anti-stress ability compared to commercial hybrid piglets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Coevolution of Genetics Rather Than Diet With Enterotype in Pigs

Sun

Chen

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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Based on the characteristic of low diarrhea in native Chinese breeds, we introduce the enterotype model for piglets, which is a new perspective to decipher the colonization and the transition of the gut microbiota among various pig breeds. After eliminating environmental influences represented by diet, the microbiota, mainly shaped by host genetics, is focused. Three representative enterotype clusters were identified, which were represented by Bacteroides, Streptococcus, and Lactobacillus. Chinese native breeds were distributed in enterotype 1 (E1) and E3, which collectively drove the diversification and functionality of the microbial community of various Chinese pig breeds. Next, the Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri), which is the representative strain of E3, was specifically isolated in all three enterotypes. The excellent stress-resistance of L. reuteri-E3 not only highlighted the stronger disease resistance of Chinese breeds but also had a great potential to intervene in weaned piglet diseases. Enterotype classification based on host genetics is much more deterministic and predictable, clarifying the driver of the host-microbiome dynamics and constructing the picture of the micro-coevolution of human host genetics with the gut microbiome.

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“…Insertion frequency was different between two types of pig and dominant for LEPROT -SINE-RIP in Chinese native breeds and LEPR -SINE-RIP in commercial pigs. Several studies have indicated that compared to commercial pigs, native pigs showed a slower growth rate, thicker backfat, and low lean percentage [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. Natural selection and genetic drift are also powerful forces shaping the distribution and accumulation of retrotransposons [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SINE Insertion May Act as a Repressor to Affect the Expression of Pig LEPROT and Growth Traits

Wang

Chi

et al. 2022

Genes

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Retrotransposon is an important component of the mammalian genome. Previous studies have shown that the expression of protein-coding genes was affected by the insertion of retrotransposon into the proximal genes, and the phenotype variations would be related to the retrotransposon insertion polymorphisms (RIPs). In this study, leptin (LEP), leptin receptor (LEPR), and leptin receptor overlapping transcript (LEPROT), which play important roles in the regulation of fat synthesis and body weight, were screened to search for the RIPs and their effect on phenotype and gene expression, as well as to further study the function of the insertion. The results showed that three RIPs located in intron 1 of LEPROT and intron 2 and 21 of LEPR were identified, and they were all SINEA1, which was one type of retrotransposon. The SINE insertion at the LEPROT was the dominant allele in native pig breeds. The age of 100 kg body weight of SINE+/+ Large White individuals was significantly higher than those of SINE+/− and SINE−/− individuals (p < 0.05). The LEPROT gene expression in the liver and suet of 30-day-old SINE−/− Sujiang piglets were significantly higher than those of SINE+/+ and SINE+/− piglets (p < 0.01). The dual-luciferase reporter gene assay showed that SINE insertion in PK15 and 3T3-L1 cells significantly reduced the promoter activity of the LEPROT gene (p < 0.01). Therefore, SINE insertion can be a repressor to reduce the expression of LEPROT and could be a useful molecular marker for assisted selection of growth traits in pig breeding.

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Comparative Microbial Profiles of Colonic Digesta between Ningxiang Pig and Large White Pig

Cited by 22 publications

References 46 publications

Healthy Gut Microbiome Composition Enhances Disease Resistance and Fat Deposition in Tibetan Pigs

Healthy Gut Microbiome Composition Enhances Disease Resistance and Fat Deposition in Tibetan Pigs

Micro-Coevolution of Genetics Rather Than Diet With Enterotype in Pigs

SINE Insertion May Act as a Repressor to Affect the Expression of Pig LEPROT and Growth Traits

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