Comparative Microbial Conversion of Deoxynivalenol and Acetylated Deoxynivalenol in Different Parts of the Chicken Intestine as Detected <i>In Vitro</i> and Translated to the <i>In Vivo</i> Situation

Jin, Jing; Fall, Mouhamed; Liu, Qi‐Jun; Rietjens, Ivonne M.C.M.; Xing, Fuguo

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05278

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In our study, discrepant metabolic pathways may be involved in mitochondrial metabolism and apoptosis, inflammation, and DON degradation and metabolism after DON exposure, which also supports the previous demonstration of the toxicity and biodegradation of DON in the intestine. [5,43] In addition, the effects of anti-and pro-inflammation may exist in the gut microbiota after DON exposure, since both the relative abundance of pro-and anti-inflammatory-related pathways were reduced in the DON group, which possibly corresponded to no significant changes in inflammatory cytokines after DON exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deoxynivalenol Exposure Induced Colon Damage in Mice Independent of the Gut Microbiota

Liao,

Peng,

et al. 2023

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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ScopeTo investigate whether deoxynivalenol (DON) can induce intestinal damage through gut microbiota in mice.Methods and resultsMice are orally administered DON (1 mg kg−1 bw day−1) for 4 weeks, and then recipient mice receive fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from DON‐exposed mice after antibiotic treatment. Furthermore, the mice are orally treated with DON (1 mg kg−1 bw day−1) for 4 weeks after antibiotic treatment. Histological damage, disruption of tight junction protein expression, and increased oxidative stress and apoptosis in the colon as well as higher serum lipopolysaccharides are observed after DON exposure. Moreover, DON exposure changes the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota as well as the contents of fecal metabolites (mainly bile acids). Differential metabolic pathways may be related to mitochondrial metabolism, apoptosis, and inflammation following DON exposure. However, only a decrease in mRNA levels of occludin and claudin‐3 is observed in the colon of recipient mice after FMT. After depleting the gut microbiota in mice, DON exposure can also cause histological damage, disorders of tight junction protein expression, and increased oxidative stress and apoptosis in the colon.ConclusionsDON exposure can induce colon damage in mice independent of the gut microbiota.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deoxynivalenol Exposure Induced Colon Damage in Mice Independent of the Gut Microbiota

Liao,

Peng,

et al. 2023

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…The microbiota in the jejunum can transform 15-Ac-DON. 99 Moreover, chronic ingestion of DON can reshape the structure of the intestinal microbiota and drastically disturb the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Lactobacillus, resulting in dysbiosis. 100,101 Therefore, altering the structure of the gut microbiota and the metabolic capacity of DON is crucial for DON-induced intestinal toxicity.…”

Section: Intestinal Microbiota and The Brain−gut Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanism of intestinal toxicity of DON involves its influence on the intestinal microbiota. Due to substantial differences in the level of mycotoxin conversions by the microbiota from the different intestinal segments, DON and its modified forms cannot be completely metabolized in the gut . The microbiota in the duodenum can transform 3-Ac-DON to DON with 100% deacetylation within 24 h. Cecum contents can completely transform DON to de-epoxy-DON (DOM-1) within 24 h, but no transformation can be observed in the duodenum.…”

Section: Intestinal Microbiota and The Brain–gut Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microbiota in the duodenum can transform 3-Ac-DON to DON with 100% deacetylation within 24 h. Cecum contents can completely transform DON to de-epoxy-DON (DOM-1) within 24 h, but no transformation can be observed in the duodenum. The microbiota in the jejunum can transform 15-Ac-DON . Moreover, chronic ingestion of DON can reshape the structure of the intestinal microbiota and drastically disturb the abundance of Bacteroidetes , Firmicutes , and Lactobacillus , resulting in dysbiosis. , Therefore, altering the structure of the gut microbiota and the metabolic capacity of DON is crucial for DON-induced intestinal toxicity.…”

Section: Intestinal Microbiota and The Brain–gut Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deoxynivalenol: Emerging Toxic Mechanisms and Control Strategies, Current and Future Perspectives

Deng

Wang

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most frequently present mycotoxin contaminant in food and feed, causing a variety of toxic effects in humans and animals. Currently, a series of mechanisms involved in DON toxicity have been identified. In addition to the activation of oxidative stress and the MAPK signaling pathway, DON can activate hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, which further regulates reactive oxygen species production and cancer cell apoptosis. Noncoding RNA and signaling pathways including Wnt/β-catenin, FOXO, and TLR4/NF-κB also participate in DON toxicity. The intestinal microbiota and the brain–gut axis play a crucial role in DON-induced growth inhibition. In view of the synergistic toxic effect of DON and other mycotoxins, strategies to detect DON and control it biologically and the development of enzymes for the biodegradation of various mycotoxins and their introduction in the market are the current and future research hotspots.

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“…The intestinal tract is the first target organ of human or animal feed with DON‐contaminated foods, and exposure to DON can damage the digestive system, resulting in abnormal intestinal morphology, disruption of the epithelial barrier, impaired absorption of nutrients, intestinal barrier function, increased tissue permeability, and impairment of the intestinal mucosal immune response (Figure 1). Moreover, DON can cause changes in gut microbiota composition and other adverse reactions, accompanied by anorexia and antifeedant (Jing et al., 2021). The disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis is the key mechanism of DON‐induced intestinal cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, immune response, and inhibition of gut microbial cross talk (Huang et al., 2019; Shuai et al., 2021).…”

Section: Global Occurrence and Hazard Of Donmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global distribution, toxicity to humans and animals, biodegradation, and nutritional mitigation of deoxynivalenol: A review

Liu

Cai

et al. 2023

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the main types of B trichothecenes, and it causes health‐related issues in humans and animals and imposes considerable challenges to food and feed safety globally each year. This review investigates the global hazards of DON, describes the occurrence of DON in food and feed in different countries, and systematically uncovers the mechanisms of the various toxic effects of DON. For DON pollution, many treatments have been reported on the degradation of DON, and each of the treatments has different degradation efficacies and degrades DON by a distinct mechanism. These treatments include physical, chemical, and biological methods and mitigation strategies. Biodegradation methods include microorganisms, enzymes, and biological antifungal agents, which are of great research significance in food processing because of their high efficiency, low environmental hazards, and drug resistance. And we also reviewed the mechanisms of biodegradation methods of DON, the adsorption and antagonism effects of microorganisms, and the different chemical transformation mechanisms of enzymes. Moreover, nutritional mitigation including common nutrients (amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and microelements) and plant extracts was discussed in this review, and the mitigation mechanism of DON toxicity was elaborated from the biochemical point of view. These findings help explore various approaches to achieve the best efficiency and applicability, overcome DON pollution worldwide, ensure the sustainability and safety of food processing, and explore potential therapeutic options with the ability to reduce the deleterious effects of DON in humans and animals.

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Comparative Microbial Conversion of Deoxynivalenol and Acetylated Deoxynivalenol in Different Parts of the Chicken Intestine as Detected In Vitro and Translated to the In Vivo Situation

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Deoxynivalenol Exposure Induced Colon Damage in Mice Independent of the Gut Microbiota

Deoxynivalenol Exposure Induced Colon Damage in Mice Independent of the Gut Microbiota

Deoxynivalenol: Emerging Toxic Mechanisms and Control Strategies, Current and Future Perspectives

Global distribution, toxicity to humans and animals, biodegradation, and nutritional mitigation of deoxynivalenol: A review

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