Comparative metabolism of four limonoids in human liver microsomes using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution LTQ‐Orbitrap mass spectrometry

Ren, Wei; Xin, Shaokun; Han, Lijun; Zuo, Ran; Li, Yan; Gong, Mu-Xing; Wei, Xiaolu; Zhou, Yanmin; He, Jing; Wang, Hongjie; Si, Nan; Zhao, Haiyu; Yang, Jian; Bian, Baolin

doi:10.1002/rcm.7365

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…For the sake of completeness, we point out here that in the article related to this study, a metabolite named "nominin" is reported which is not mentioned nowhere else. On the basis of the reported structure, we can state that it was the well-known CL nomilin (2) [175]. high-resolution LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometer.…”

Section: Metabolic Transformations Of Secondary Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Chemistry and Pharmacology of Citrus Limonoids

et al. 2016

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Citrus limonoids (CLs) are a group of highly oxygenated terpenoid secondary metabolites found mostly in the seeds, fruits and peel tissues of citrus fruits such as lemons, limes, oranges, pumellos, grapefruits, bergamots, and mandarins. Represented by limonin, the aglycones and glycosides of CLs have shown to display numerous pharmacological activities including anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and insecticidal among others. In this review, the chemistry and pharmacology of CLs are systematically scrutinised through the use of medicinal chemistry tools and structure-activity relationship approach. Synthetic derivatives and other structurally-related limonoids from other sources are include in the analysis. With the focus on literature in the past decade, the chemical classification of CLs, their physico-chemical properties as drugs, their biosynthesis and enzymatic modifications, possible ways of enhancing their biological activities through structural modifications, their ligand efficiency metrics and systematic graphical radar plot analysis to assess their developability as drugs are among those discussed in detail.

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Section: Metabolic Transformations Of Secondary Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Chemistry and Pharmacology of Citrus Limonoids

et al. 2016

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“…Studies on citrus plants have mainly focused on yield of trees, and color or quality of fruits; however, studies on their medicinal value are limited (Zhang et al, 2017). Recent studies have shown that the limonoids in citrus fruits exhibit a wide range of biological activities, including antitumor (Manners, 2007;Ren et al, 2015), anti-inflammatory (Eom et al, 2016), anti-insect (Bilal et al, 2012), antineoplastic (El-Readi et al, 2010;Lam et al, 1989), and other pharmacological activities. Owing to the multiple positive attributes of limonoids, researchers and industries are paying more attention to utilize the limonoids in citrus fruits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in limonin and nomilin content in citrus fruits of eight varieties determined by modified HPLC

Huang

Liu

Xiong

et al. 2018

Food Sci Biotechnol

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The nomilin and limonin content in citrus fruits of different varieties was determined at fruit growth and maturation stages by HPLC. The results showed that the two limonoids can be separated, identified, and quantified in citrus fruits within 10 min by the developed method. The method exhibited good precision, repeatability, stability, and recovery rate. The content of limonin and nomilin in most citrus fruits presented an increasing trend initially, and then decreased during fruit growth and maturation; a peak was observed at the young fruit or fruit expansion stage. The dropped fruits also contained some amount of limonoids, suggesting their industrial application. The variation and cluster analyses results revealed that the orange varieties contained the highest amount of limonoids at the mature stage. The results of this study will enable better use of citrus limonoids.

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“…Ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap) was used to analyze the metabolites of salidroside in different metabolic sites. High-resolution mass spectrometry such as LTQ-Orbitrap plays a crucial role in metabolic analyses owing to its accurate MS data and reliable metabolite identification when attempting to discriminate metabolites with different MS/MS fragments [21]. By the results, we can determine the probable metabolic pathways of salidroside and the sequential contribution of each metabolic site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Approach to Characterizing the Complicated Sequential Metabolism of Salidroside in Rats

Luo

Yang

et al. 2016

Molecules

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Metabolic study of bioactive compounds that undergo a dynamic and sequential process of metabolism is still a great challenge. Salidroside, one of the most active ingredients of Rhodiola crenulata, can be metabolized in different sites before being absorbed into the systemic blood stream. This study proposed an approach for describing the sequential biotransformation process of salidroside based on comparative analysis. In vitro incubation, in situ closed-loop and in vivo blood sampling were used to determine the relative contribution of each site to the total metabolism of salidroside. The results showed that salidroside was stable in digestive juice, and it was metabolized primarily by the liver and the intestinal flora and to a lesser extent by the gut wall. The sequential metabolism method described in this study could be a general approach to characterizing the metabolic routes in the digestive system for natural products.

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Comparative metabolism of four limonoids in human liver microsomes using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution LTQ‐Orbitrap mass spectrometry

Cited by 24 publications

References 59 publications

The Chemistry and Pharmacology of Citrus Limonoids

The Chemistry and Pharmacology of Citrus Limonoids

Variation in limonin and nomilin content in citrus fruits of eight varieties determined by modified HPLC

An Approach to Characterizing the Complicated Sequential Metabolism of Salidroside in Rats

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