Comparative metabolism and disposition of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and propylene glycol monomethyl ether in male rats

Miller, R. R.; Hermann, Emile A.; Langvardt, Patrick W.; McKenna, Michael J.; Schwetz, Bernard A.

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(83)90229-6

Cited by 169 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…On the other hand, it was suspected that the enzyme which takes part in the metabolism of diEGME, a structural homologue of EGME, is different from that of EGME 16) . Miller et al also found that difference in routes of metabolism is the underlying basis for the remarkably different toxicological properties of EGME and PGME 15,21) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The last one is our recent published crosssectional study suggested that ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) is not a hepatotoxin in two copper-clad laminate-manufacturing factories in Taiwan 20) . However, the toxicities of E-series glycol ethers are not equal, generalization must be made with great caution 15,21) . The objective of this study was to investigate the hepatic effects and inducibility of γGT among workers exposed to EGEEA in a silk-screening shop in Taiwan.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatic Effects among Workers Exposed to Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether Acetate

Loh

Liou

Jiau³

et al. 2008

Ind Health

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic Effects among Workers Exposed to Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether Acetate

Loh

Liou

Jiau³

et al. 2008

Ind Health

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“…EGEE and the corresponding methoxyacetic and ethoxyacetic acids have similar effects. It has been suggested that these acids are, in fact, the active metabolites (11,18) and that the injury observed is a result of zinc loss from testis, which occurs 4 days after treatment with EGME or methoxyacetic acid (18). Zinc concentration has been shown to have an important role in testicular injury induced by cadmium (19), and phthalate esters (20)(21)(22)).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, EGME is oxidized to methoxyacetic acid, while PGME is demethylated to propylene glycol (11). EGBE is oxidized to n-butoxyacetic acid in several species, including man (12), and EGisoPE is oxidized to isopropoxyacetic acid (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of Glycol Ethers

McGregor¹

1984

Environmental Health Perspectives

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The genetic toxicology of glycol ethers is reviewed. Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) and diglyme have been more extensively studied than other members of this series. Most results indicate a lack of genotoxic potential, but certain tests have yielded positive responses with certain compounds. Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE) induced sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomal aberrations in cultured cells. Both EGME and diglyme induced mouse sperm head morphological changes, male rat weak dominant lethal mutations and marked, but reversible, loss of male rat fertility.

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“…The anticonvulsant drug valproic acid (Depakene, Epilim) is a simple SCCA of systematic name 2-propylpentanoic acid and is teratogenic in several laboratory species (1)(2)(3) and probably also in the human (4,5). Methoxyacetic acid is the major metabolite of the glycol ether, 2-methoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monomethyl ether) (6). We have shown that the teratogenic effect of 2-methoxyethanol in the rat is probably mediated by this alkoxy-SCCA metabolite (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-chain carboxylic acids, a new class of teratogens: studies of potential biochemical mechanisms.

Coakley¹,

Rawlings²,

Brown³

1986

Environ Health Perspect

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Certain short-chain carboxylic acids (SCCA) appear to share a common teratogenic potential, although the structural requirements for activity remain obscure. By using a whole rat embryo culture model system, several biochemical processes have been examined, either as potential initial sites of teratogenic action or as early steps in the pathway to malformation. Valproate, methoxyacetate, and butyrate were the prototype SCCA examined. Measurement of [14C]glucose utilization and lactate production confirmed that energy production by the early organogenesis embryo is predominantly from glycolysis. While the positive control agent, iodoacetate, caused a significant inhibition of lactate production, none of the SCCA affected this process or glucose utilization at teratogenic concentrations. Valproate did not influence embryonic acetyl CoA levels, in marked contrast to the reported response of adult liver, the other major target of valproate toxicity. Pinocytosis by the visceral yolk sac (VYS) was measured by the uptake of [125I]polyvinylpyrrolidone. This process ultimately supplies the embryo with amino-acids and is essential for normal development. SCCA induce morphological abnormalities of the VYS in embryo culture. Pinocytosis was slightly reduced by valproate, but not the other SCCA. However, comparison with the action of an antiserum, for which inhibition of pinocytosis is the initial teratogenic insult, suggests that this is not the mechanism for valproate. Incorporation of [3H]thymidine into embryo or yolk sac was not affected after 3 hr of SCCA exposure, but there was a marked effect of the positive control, hydroxyurea. This suggests that DNA synthesis is not directly influenced by SCCA. It can be concluded that SCCA do not exert their teratogenic effects by actions on glycolysis; maintenance of cellular acetyl CoA; pinocytosis or DNA synthesis. These observations contrast with preliminary results which suggest significant effects of SCCA on embryonic and yolk sac lipid metabolic pathways.

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Comparative metabolism and disposition of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and propylene glycol monomethyl ether in male rats

Cited by 169 publications

References 9 publications

Hepatic Effects among Workers Exposed to Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether Acetate

Hepatic Effects among Workers Exposed to Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether Acetate

Genotoxicity of Glycol Ethers

Short-chain carboxylic acids, a new class of teratogens: studies of potential biochemical mechanisms.

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