“…Potential survivorship bias aside, these results imply that SMAs experienced a performance advantage over domestic mutual funds, which generally have not outperformed market proxies (Jensen (1968), Gruber (1996), and Carhart (1997)). Although early performance studies generally revealed international mutual fund performance comparable to that of global market proxies (Block, Stanley and Sneddon (1989), Cumby and Glen (1990), Eun, Kolodny and Resnick (1991), Droms and Walker (1994)), evidence of superior performance is reported by Gallo and Swanson (1996) using a multi-factor model, and by Shukla and Singh (1997) over 1988 The PSN database is maintained by Informa Investment Solutions. PSN recently merged with a leading competitor, Mobius.…”