Comparative Lipidomic Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Lactobacillus plantarum APsulloc 331261 Living in Green Tea Leaves Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

Lactobacillus plantarum is a popular probiotic species due to its safe and beneficial effects on humans; therefore, novel L. plantarum strains have been isolated and identified from various dietary products. Given that bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been considered as efficient carriers of bioactive materials and shown to evoke cellular responses effectively, L. plantarum-derived EVs are expected to efficiently elicit health benefits. Herein, we identified L. plantarum APsulloc 331261 living in green tea leaves and isolated EVs from the culture medium. We performed quantitative lipidomic analysis of L. plantarum APsulloc 331261 derived EVs (LEVs) using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. In comparison to L. plantarum APsulloc 331261, in LEVs, 67 of 320 identified lipid species were significantly increased and 19 species were decreased. In particular, lysophosphatidylserine(18:4) and phosphatidylcholine(32:2) were critically increased, showing over 21-fold enrichment in LEVs. In addition, there was a notable difference between LEVs and the parent cells in the composition of phospholipids. Our results suggest that the lipidomic profile of bacteria-derived EVs is different from that of the parent cells in phospholipid content and composition. Given that lipids are important components of EVs, quantitative and comparative analyses of EV lipids may improve our understanding of vesicle biogenesis and lipid-mediated intercellular communication within or between living organisms.

Extracellular vesicle formation in Lactococcus lactis is stimulated by prophage‐encoded holin–lysin system

“…It remains to be elucidated whether the proteins in EVs were loaded randomly or by specific sorting mechanisms generated by specific cellular domains in the cytoplasmic membrane of L. lactis strain FM‐YL11. Protein, lipid and nucleic acid analysis of bacterial EVs from Streptococcus pyogenes , Streptococcus mutans , S. aureus and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum also revealed compositional differences compared with the respective cell membranes (Lee et al ., 2009 ; Liao et al ., 2014 ; Biagini et al ., 2015 ; Kim et al ., 2020a ), suggesting that active EV production involves dedicated sorting mechanisms. In this study, the over‐representation of proteins involved in translation, lipid and peptidoglycan biosynthesis, and cell division in FM‐YL11 EVs (Table S3 ), may point to hotspots for EV production, such as the cell division site.…”

Effects of periostin deficiency on kidney aging and lipid metabolism

“…Lipids were analyzed using the MRM method according to previously optimized conditions [ 61 ]. The MRM scan mode was set up as follows: MRM transition setting depending on lipid class; entrance potential, 10; collision cell exit potential, 14.…”

Panax ginseng-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Facilitate Anti-Senescence Effects in Human Skin Cells: An Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Way to Use Ginseng Substances

“…A two-step extraction method was performed for high efficiency extraction of polar and non-polar lipids from GrEXs and GrEVs according to previously reported methods [7]. First, samples were lysed by adding 5 μL of 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in PBS into 45 μL of each sample in PBS (final 0.01% SDS in PBS) and incubating for 20 min at 37 °C.…”

“…In contrast to EVs derived from mammalian or bacterial cells (whose secretion, uptake, and functions in inter-cellular communications, physical characteristics, and vesicular components have been widely verified [1,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], the corresponding properties of plantderived EVs are barely known, although EVs were discovered in plants before they were identified in mammals [13]. Since exosome-like vesicles (EVs henceforth) were first isolated from apoplastic fluids of water-imbibed sunflower seeds using a standard differential ultracentrifugation method [14], EVs have been isolated from several plants, including ginger [15,16], grapefruits [17], grapes [18], coconut water [19], Arabidopsis leaves [20,21], broccoli [22], and Citrus limon L. [23].…”