Comparative life history studies of four Callosobruchus species infesting cowpeas with special reference to Callosobruchus rhodesianus (Pic) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

Insecticidal Activity and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil from Artemisia Judaica L. Against Callosobruchus Maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

“…The cowpea seeds used for our experiments were previously sterilized by freezing at -20°C for one week to kill off any prior infestation. Then, the seeds were stored in sealed polyethylene bags at 5°C until required for the experiments (Giga and Smith 1983). The seed moisture content was approximately 13%, as described by Mian and Mulla 1982, which is consistent with that normally required for storage.…”

The effect of novel environment and sex on the additive genetic variation and covariation in and between emergence body weight and development period in the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera, Bruchidae)

“…Giga & Smith (1983) found that temperature and humidity affected development period for various Callosobruchus species on the substrate cowpea. Here, it was found that, on the substrate mung, insects not only developed sooner at a higher temperature and humidity but they also emerged heavier.…”

“…Temperature is known to affect a range of life history traits in various Callosobruchus species (Giga & Smith, 1983). …”

Biological Efficacy of Three Essential Oils and Azadirachta Indica Vegetable Oil in the Control of an Insect Pest of Cowpea Grain: Callosobruchus Maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae).

“…Ten pairs of C. maculatus ages from 0 to 24h were introduced into each jar which is hermetically sealed. For each test, five replicates were performed for each dose (1; 2; 5; 10 and 20μl) and each exposure time (6,12,18,24,48,72 and 96 hours) in parallel a control was carried out (cotton without plant extracts). Dead individuals were removed from the jars and put in petri dishes for 24 hours.…”

“…Animal Equipment:-The animal material was the adults beetle of Callossobruchus maculatus, a very cosmopolitan species that is considered as best injurious for cowpea stock (Giga and Smith, 1983). This beetle presents two morphological forms under conditions of overpopulation of the breeding substrate.…”