Comparative life cycle assessment of power-to-gas generation of hydrogen with a dynamic emissions factor for fuel cell vehicles

Walker, Sean B.; Fowler, Michael; Ahmadi, Leila

doi:10.1016/j.est.2015.09.006

Cited by 38 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Also, hydrogen can be stored in a tank and withdrawn during high demand to produce electricity using a fuel cell, in an energy load levelling or energy arbitrage application . Finally, the hydrogen can be consumed directly as a transportation fuel in fuel cell vehicles . This study will focus on a single pathway, namely, hydrogen consumption by industrial end‐users (e.g., oil refining).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen supply via power‐to‐gas application in the renewable fuels regulations of petroleum fuels

2019

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Power-to-gas (PtG) is an evolving energy storage technique that can transfer surplus and intermittent renewable generated power into a marketable hydrogen, among other ancillary services for the electrical grid. This study provides a comparative assessment of blending 10 % corn-ethanol and using an electrolytic hydrogen supply via PtG on the well to wheel of gasoline fuel, based on Ontario's energy system. The analysis is performed using the GREET 1 model to investigate the energy and emissions results of the subject comparison. Consequently, PtG renewable hydrogen, when used for gasoline production, is found to decrease 4.6 % of the natural gas consumption of the gasoline cycle and, therefore, increase the renewable content of gasoline. Furthermore, the deployment of electrolytic hydrogen at the refinery results in minimizing gasoline carbon intensity by 0.15 kg CO 2 e per 100 km (0.5 g CO 2 e per MJ) of the fuel. When associated with the annual gasoline sales in Ontario, the use of electrolytic hydrogen can offer a reduction of 0.26 MT of greenhouse gas emissions yearly. Moreover, the hydrogen supply from the PtG method used for gasoline production may contribute to lowering VOCs, NO x , PM 10 , and PM 2.5 criteria air pollutants from the gasoline cycle, which cannot be achieved with blending corn-based ethanol. Therefore, the results of this paper support the inclusion of the PtG concept in renewable fuels regulations for petroleum fuels.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen supply via power‐to‐gas application in the renewable fuels regulations of petroleum fuels

2019

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“…A recent series of publications have studied the implementation of different power-to-gas pathways in the Canadian province of Ontario. Mukherjee et al (2017) [24], Hajimiragha et al (2009) [25], and Walker et al (2015) [26] examined the utilization of hydrogen via power-to-gas in the transportation sector. Additionally, Walker et al (2016) [27] and Al-Subaie et al (2017) [17] studied the implementation of electrolytic hydrogen into the petroleum-industry, aiming to optimize GHG reduction and system cost.…”

Section: Power-to-gas To Renewable Natural Gas 'Methanation'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Allocation of Ontario’s Surplus Electricity to Different Power-to-Gas Applications

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Power-to-Gas (PtG) is a potential means of managing intermittent and weather-dependent renewable energies to create a storable chemical energy form. Power-to-Gas is not only a storage technology; its role can be extended to many other applications including energy distribution, transportation, and industrial use. This study quantifies the hydrogen volumes upon utilizing Ontario, Canada’s surplus electricity baseload and explores the allocation of the hydrogen produced to four Power-to-Gas pathways in terms of economic and environmental benefits, focusing on the following Power-to-Gas pathways: Power-to-Gas to mobility fuel, Power-to-Gas to industry, Power-to-Gas to natural gas pipelines for use as hydrogen-enriched natural gas, and Power-to-Gas to renewable natural gas (i.e., Methanation). The study shows that the Power-to-Gas to mobility fuel pathway has the potential to be implemented. Utilization of hydrogen for refueling light-duty vehicles is a profitable business case with an average positive net present value of $4.5 billions, five years payback time, and 20% internal rate of return. Moreover, this PtG pathway promises a potential 2,215,916 tonnes of CO2 reduction from road travel.

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“…The using of HHO as fuel enrichment improves performance data, contributing to improved combustion, albeit to a lesser extent, thanks to the extra oxygen in the contents. Having the lowest energy density against highest energy per kilogram brings out some difficulties in storage to reach maximum range for the transportation sector the weight, volume, efficiency, safety of storage as well as the cost of hydrogen is also a problem [10,11,12]. The literature researches show that the usage of hydrogen in internal combustion engines negatively affects volumetric efficiency and thus performance output, especially at low engine revolutions.…”

Section: Fig 1 Demonstration Of Intake Air Volume Occupation By Hho Enrichmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hi̇droksi̇ Gaz Üreti̇mi̇nde Yeni̇ Bi̇r Kontrol Teknoloji̇si̇

Baltacıoğlu

2019

Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi

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Bu çalışmanın ana fikri, kullanıcı tanımlı içten yanmalı motor hacmi için optimum bir oksihidrojen üretim algoritması tasarlamaktır. İçten yanmalı motorlarda hidrojen kullanılmasının, belirli bir sınıra kadar performans ve emisyon açısından faydalı olduğu bilimsel olarak kanıtlanmış bir gerçektir. Her ne kadar performans ve emisyonlardaki gelişmeler araştırmacılar tarafından bildirilmiş olsa da; tasarlanan kontrol sistemi, sıkıştırma ateşlemeli motorlarda hidroksi kullanımı için elde edilebilecek en yüksek verime yaklaşma seçeneği sunar. Sistem, HHO üretim oranı ve zenginleştirme miktarının anlık hesaplamaları ve geri bildirim algoritması ile verimliliğin artırılmasını sağlar. Otomatik HHO sistemi, motor bataryalarının ve HHO reaktörlerinin servis ömrünü uzatmak için 0-30 amper aralığında ve nispeten daha düşük çalışma sıcaklıklarında çalışmak üzere tasarlanmıştır.

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Comparative life cycle assessment of power-to-gas generation of hydrogen with a dynamic emissions factor for fuel cell vehicles

Cited by 38 publications

References 16 publications

Hydrogen supply via power‐to‐gas application in the renewable fuels regulations of petroleum fuels

Hydrogen supply via power‐to‐gas application in the renewable fuels regulations of petroleum fuels

Allocation of Ontario’s Surplus Electricity to Different Power-to-Gas Applications

Hi̇droksi̇ Gaz Üreti̇mi̇nde Yeni̇ Bi̇r Kontrol Teknoloji̇si̇

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