Comparative iTRAQ proteomic profiling of proteins associated with the adaptation of brown planthopper to moderately resistant vs. susceptible rice varieties

Abstract

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), is a destructive pest that poses a significant threat to rice plants worldwide. To explore how BPHs adapt to the resistant rice variety, we analyzed proteomics profiles of two virulent N. lugens populations. We focused on Biotype Y, which can survive on the moderately resistant rice variety YHY15, and Biotype I, which can survive on the susceptible rice variety TN1. We performed protein quantitation using the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) and then compared the expression patterns between two virulent N. lugens populations and found 258 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). We found that 151 of the DEPs were up-regulated, while 107 were down-regulated. We evaluated transcript levels of 8 expressed genes from the iTRAQ results by qRT-PCR, which revealed transcriptional changes that were consistent with the changes at the protein level. The determination of the protein changes in two virulent N. lugens populations would help to better understanding BPH adaptation to resistant rice varieties and facilitate the better design of new control strategies for host defense against BPH.

Proteomics and Metabolomics Studies on the Biotic Stress Responses of Rice: an Update

“…Global studies of proteins and metabolites are usually combined with transcription profiling (Table 1 and Table 2). In general, the fluctuation of major molecules is well corelated with gene expression (Sana et al 2010;Zha and You 2020); however, inconsistencies have also been observed. Peroxidase expression is not associated with the activity between Nipponbare and O. meyeriana (Chen et al 2016).…”

“…Proteomics and metabolomics studies on rice response to BPH infection have revealed the occurrence of dynamic changes. Lipid transport and metabolism, SM biosynthesis, amino acid transport and metabolism, and phytohormone signaling are commonly induced by BPH in both susceptible and resistant cultivars (Wei et al 2009 ; Dong et al 2017 ; Zhang et al 2018 ; Zhang et al 2019 ; Zha and You 2020 ). Notably, studies that have utilized resistant and susceptible cultivars to observe changes on protein and metabolite levels have identified markers and features associated with resistance to BPH infection.…”

“…A low correlation between mRNA and protein levels has also been observed in half of all genes examined in secreted proteins from rice suspensions (Dong et al 2017 ). This may be due to post-transcriptional regulation, for example by RNA binding proteins (Xu et al 2013 ), or post-translational modifications, which were recently shown to be a significant response to insect invasion (Zha and You 2020 ). Furthermore, the challenges of methods used in proteomics have limited the identification of all possible isoforms, consequently influencing correlation studies.…”

Genome-wide identification of long non-coding (lncRNA) in Nilaparvata lugens’s adaptability to resistant rice

“…To explore the molecular mechanism of BPH adaptation to resistant rice variety. In our previous study, proteomic profiles and miRNA expression profiles of BPH were analyzed ( Zha & You, 2020 ; Zha et al, 2016 ). In these studies, there has been evidence that miRNA may be involved in the co-evolution process of rice planthopper resistance, and proteome analysis also found many differentially expressed proteins.…”

“…To clarify the molecular mechanism of co-evolution between BPH and resistant rice, in our previous report, proteomics and miRNA sequencing were performed using a susceptible rice variety (TN1) as a control and a moderately resistant rice variety (YHY15) carrying the resistance gene BPH15 ( Zha & You, 2020 ; Zha et al, 2016 ). However, the molecular mechanism and regulatory network are still unclear.…”