Comparative Investigation of Simulated Solar-driven Photocatalytic Performance of g-C3N4 Prepared by Different Precursors

Si, Yujun; Zhong, Jianxin; Li, Jianzhang; Liu, Xinlu; Hu, Wei; Song, Jiabo; Zhang, Fengjia; Liu, Ke; Huang, Ke; Wu, Songlin; Yang, Ruhao; Zeng, Tingting; Li, Minjiao

doi:10.1515/jaots-2016-0120

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“…[14][15][16] Bulk g-C3N4 is typically prepared by the direct thermal condensation of low-cost nitrogen containing precursors (cyanamide, dicyandiamide). [21][22][23][24] This results in carbon nitrides with several shortcomings, including low specific surface area, insufficient visible light utilization, and, particularly, rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. [24][25][26][27][28] High separation/transfer efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs is the most desirable property in g-C3N4-based photocatalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nitrides and metal nanoparticles: from controlled synthesis to design principles for improved photocatalysis

et al. 2018

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The use of sunlight to drive chemical reactions via photocatalysis is of paramount importance towards a sustainable future. Among several photocatalysts, earth-abundant polymeric carbon nitride (PCN, often wrongly named g-C3N4) has emerged as an attractive candidate due to its ability to absorb light efficiently in the visible and near-infrared ranges, chemical stability, non-toxicity, straightforward synthesis, and versatility as a platform for constructing hybrid materials. Especially, hybrids with metal nanoparticles offer the unique possibility of combining the catalytic, electronic, and optical properties of metal nanoparticles with PCN. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of PCN materials and their hybrids, emphasizing heterostructures with metal nanoparticles. We focus on recent advances encompassing synthetic strategies, design principles, photocatalytic applications, and charge-transfer mechanisms. We also discuss how the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of some noble metals NPs (e.g. Au, Ag, and Cu), bimetallic compositions, and even non-noble metals NPs (e.g., Bi) synergistically contribute with PCN in light-driven transformations. Finally, we provide a perspective on the field, in which the understanding of the enhancement mechanisms combined with truly controlled synthesis can act as a powerful tool to the establishment of the design principles needed to take the field of photocatalysis with PCN to a new level, where the desired properties and performances can be planned in advance, and the target material synthesized accordingly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nitrides and metal nanoparticles: from controlled synthesis to design principles for improved photocatalysis

et al. 2018

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“…[20][21][22][23][24][25] Bulk gC 3 N 4 powder can be prepared by the thermal poly condensation of lowcost nitrogencontaining organic pre cursors, e.g., urea, thiourea, melamine, cyanamide, dicyan diamide, guanidine hydrochloride, and so on. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] The pure bulk gC 3 N 4 prepared by this method suffers from several shortcomings, including low specific surface area, insufficient visible light utilization, and, particularly, rapid recombination…”

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g‐C₃N₄‐Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

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Thereafter, the photocatalytic degrada tion of polychlorobiphenyls [2] and photo electrocatalytic reduction of CO 2 into hydrocarbon compounds [3] in aqueous semiconductor suspensions greatly broad ened the applications of photocatalysis. Although the photocatalytic technology has got worldwide attention for its eco nomic, clean, safe, and renewable charac teristics, the photocatalytic performance of currently known photocatalysts is still far from commercial applications, especially in solartofuel conversion. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Generally, the photocatalytic reactions can be divided into three basic processes. First, the semiconductor photocatalysts absorb effective photons whose energy (h v ) is equal to or above their bandgap (E g ), resulting in the generation of electronhole pairs. Second, the photogenerated charge carriers separate and transfer to the surface of photocatalysts. Third, the photogenerated electrons and holes partic ipate in reactions of substances adsorbed on the surface of the photocatalysts. [12,13] Thus, the improvements of the three aforementioned processes play impor tant roles in enhancing the photocatalytic performance. Light absorption is the first essential step of photocatalysis process. The traditional anatase phase TiO 2 photocatalyst is active only under UV light with wavelength below 387 nm due to its wide bandgap (3.2 eV). However, solar energy is mainly concentrated in the visible light region, and UV light accounts for less than 4% of the solar spectrum. [7] In order to achieve maximum utilization efficiency of solar energy, the exploration of visiblelightresponsive photo catalysts is an urgent task. Graphitic carbon nitride (gC 3 N 4 ) as a promising visiblelightresponsive photocatalyst has received worldwide attention due to its fascinating merits, such as moderate bandgap (≈2.7 eV), proper electronic band structure, nontoxicity, low cost, good stability, and easy preparation. [14][15][16][17][18] Since the first report on photocatalytic H 2 evolution over gC 3 N 4 by Wang et al. in 2009, [19] research endeavors toward improving the photocatalytic performance of gC 3 N 4 based photocatalysts have formed a forefront of photocatalysis research. [20][21][22][23][24][25] Bulk gC 3 N 4 powder can be prepared by the thermal poly condensation of lowcost nitrogencontaining organic pre cursors, e.g., urea, thiourea, melamine, cyanamide, dicyan diamide, guanidine hydrochloride, and so on. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] The pure bulk gC 3 N 4 prepared by this method suffers from several shortcomings, including low specific surface area, insufficient visible light utilization, and, particularly, rapid recombination Photocatalysis is considered as one of the promising routes to solve the energy and environmental crises by utilizing solar energy. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) has attracted worldwide attention due to its visible-light activity, facile synthesis from low-cost materials, chemical stability, and unique layered structure. However, the pure g-C 3 N 4 photocatalys...

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Comparative Investigation of Simulated Solar-driven Photocatalytic Performance of g-C3N4 Prepared by Different Precursors

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Carbon nitrides and metal nanoparticles: from controlled synthesis to design principles for improved photocatalysis

Carbon nitrides and metal nanoparticles: from controlled synthesis to design principles for improved photocatalysis

g‐C₃N₄‐Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts

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Comparative Investigation of Simulated Solar-driven Photocatalytic Performance of g-C3N4 Prepared by Different Precursors

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Cited by 2 publications

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Carbon nitrides and metal nanoparticles: from controlled synthesis to design principles for improved photocatalysis

Carbon nitrides and metal nanoparticles: from controlled synthesis to design principles for improved photocatalysis

g‐C3N4‐Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts

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g‐C₃N₄‐Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts