Comparative Investigation of Gamma Radiation Effects on Long Period Gratings and Optical Power in Different Optical Fibers

Esposito, Flavio; Stăncălie, Andrei; Neguţ, Daniel; Campopiano, Stefania; Sporea, Dan; Iadicicco, Agostino

doi:10.1109/jlt.2019.2910639

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Hence, we found refractive index variations in the core of around 1.5 × 10 −5 and 1.9 × 10 −5 in the first and second case, respectively. Moreover, the temperature sensitivity of the gratings was compared before and after the irradiation We recently developed a method that combines these experimental data with numerical simulations to estimate the radiation induced changes in the fiber [22]. Hence, we found refractive index variations in the core of around 1.5 × 10 −5 and 1.9 × 10 −5 in the first and second case, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The shift was equal to 3.7 nm after a total dose of 35 kGy in the case of the SVST Co-60 irradiator, whereas for the GC-5000 setup it was 4.7 nm after a total dose of 52.6 kGy. We recently developed a method that combines these experimental data with numerical simulations to estimate the radiation induced changes in the fiber [22]. Hence, we found refractive index variations in the core of around 1.5 × 10 −5 and 1.9 × 10 −5 in the first and second case, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The recovery phase was observed for a long time, i.e., almost 2 days, where the wavelength shift decreased to roughly 75% of the final value, which corresponded to about 3.5 nm. A residual refractive index change after recovery of 1.4 × 10 −5 was estimated for this wavelength shift by means of our approach based on numerical simulations [22]. Finally, the GC-5000 proposed setup was also used to observe the recovery phase at room temperature after the irradiation, as reported in Figure 8, where part of the radiation induced effects fades due to bleaching mechanisms [23].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Setup for Real-Time Investigations of Optical Fiber Sensors Subjected to Gamma-Rays: Case Study on Long Period Gratings

Stăncălie

Esposito

Neguţ

et al. 2020

Sensors

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In this work, we present a new setup for real-time investigations of optical fibers and optical fiber sensors while being subjected to gamma-rays. The investigation of the radiation effects on novel or well-assessed sensing devices has attracted a lot of interest, however, the facilities required to do this (when available) are barely accessible to the device to be characterized. In order to reduce the limitations of these types of experiments and ensure a highly controlled environment, we implemented a configuration that permits the on-line testing of optical components inside a Co-60 gamma chamber research irradiator. To show the advantages of this new approach, we present a case study that compares an arc-induced optical fiber long period grating (LPG) irradiated in a gamma chamber with the same type of grating irradiated with gamma-rays from a Co-60 industrial irradiator. In order to better understand the effects of radiation on such components and their behavior in radiation environments, we focus on the homogeneity of the radiation field and parameter customizability as well as the high reproducibility of the experiments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Setup for Real-Time Investigations of Optical Fiber Sensors Subjected to Gamma-Rays: Case Study on Long Period Gratings

Stăncălie

Esposito

Neguţ

et al. 2020

Sensors

Self Cite

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“…Nevertheless, the limited length of the grating-based devices (up to few centimeters) allows us to neglect the optical losses effects and to focus the attention exclusively on the changes induced on both n co,low and n co,high . The variation of other parameters, including the grating period and the refractive index of the cladding, is neglected according to previous works 24,26 .…”

Section: (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the effects of mixed neutron and gamma flux on the spectral and sensing response of arc-induced LPGs fabricated in various optical fibers have been presented in 25 , showing that radiations cause only a slight change of the temperature sensitivity of the devices. Combining these experimental results with a numerical model, the same authors provided an estimation of the effect of γ-irradiation in terms of variation of the optical fiber refractive index, clearly depending on the fiber type and composition, for doses up to several hundreds of kGy 25,26 .The radiation field at HL-LHC will be characterized by the presence of both leptons and hadrons of different kind, masses and energies. Protons seem to be better candidates to simulate the combined effect of Total Ionizing Dose (TID) and Displacement Damage (DD), typical of this field.…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of uncoated LPGs written in B-Ge doped fiber under proton irradiation for sensing applications at CERN

Berruti

Vaiano

Quero

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In this contribution, a complete dissertation concerning the behavior of a Long Period Grating (LPG) inscribed in a B-Ge co-doped optical fiber by means of an excimer laser and exposed to proton irradiation during a recent extensive campaign performed at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) with a fluence of 4.4·10 15 p·cm −2 is provided. The experimental results have been thus combined for the first time to the best of our knowledge with numerical simulations in order to estimate the variations of the major parameters affecting the grating response during the ultra-high dose proton exposure. From the correlation between experimental and numerical analysis, the irradiation exposure was found to induce a maximal variation of the core effective refractive index of ~1.61·10 −4 , responsible of a resonance wavelength red shift of ~44 nm in correspondence of the highest absorbed radiation dose of 1.16 MGy. At the same time, a relevant decrease close to ~0.93·10 −4 in the refractive index modulation pertaining to the grating was estimated, leading to a reduction of the resonant dip visibility of ~12 dB. The effect of the proton beam on the spectral response of the LPG device and on the optical fiber parameters was assessed during the relaxation phases, showing a partial recovery only of the wavelength shift without any relevant change in the dip visibility revealing thus a partial recovery only in the refractive index of the core while the reduction of the refractive index modulation observed during the irradiation remained unchanged.www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ 5 %RH, i.e. where both miniaturized capacitive sensors and polyimide coated FBGs substantially lose accuracy. Nevertheless, to assess their possible application in the new generation of detectors foreseen within the HL-LHC project, a clear understanding of the physical and optical mechanisms involved during the LPGs radiation exposure is mandatory, together with a systematic study of their behavior under realistic radiation levels with respect to those expected at HL-HLC.Certainly, massive knowledge concerning the effects of irradiation on optical fibers and optical fiber-based devices has been collected over the years, but still not all the factors involved are completely clear and known. In 2018 Girard et al. published a very interesting review about the recent advancements on the radiation hardened fiber optic-based systems 13 , highlighting the potential and the future challenges of this innovative technology for the application in harsh environments. In ref. 13 the authors also provided an overview of the main radiation-induced effects on several classes of fiber optics and fiber optic-based technology, including both point sensors and distributed sensors. It is well-assessed that radiation alters the fiber properties by creating point defects in silica-based material due to ionization or displacement damage processes leading to structural modifications in the pure or doped amorphous host silica matrix...

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Long Period Fiber Grating Sensors Fabricated by Electric Arc Discharge Technique

Srivastava

Esposito

Iadicicco

et al. 2020

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Comparative Investigation of Gamma Radiation Effects on Long Period Gratings and Optical Power in Different Optical Fibers

Cited by 30 publications

References 45 publications

A New Setup for Real-Time Investigations of Optical Fiber Sensors Subjected to Gamma-Rays: Case Study on Long Period Gratings

A New Setup for Real-Time Investigations of Optical Fiber Sensors Subjected to Gamma-Rays: Case Study on Long Period Gratings

Analysis of uncoated LPGs written in B-Ge doped fiber under proton irradiation for sensing applications at CERN

Long Period Fiber Grating Sensors Fabricated by Electric Arc Discharge Technique

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