Comparative in vitro activity of 1-oxa-beta-lactam (LY127935) and cefoperazone with other beta-lactam antibiotics against anaerobic bacteria

An agar dilution method was used to measure the minimal inhibitory concentrations of 13 P-lactam antibiotics against 868 recent human clinical isolates. Most members of the Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to cefoperazone, ceftazidime, moxalactam, N-formimidoyl thienamycin, ceftriaxone, and ceftizoxime. Cephalothin was the most active antibiotic against Staphylococcus aureus. Most strains ofPseudomonas aeruginosa were inhibited by ceftazidime, N-formimidoyl thienamycin, and cefsulodin. N-Formimidoyl thienamycin was active against all of the species tested.A large number of 1-lactam antibiotics have become available during the last few years, and the in vitro activities of many of these drugs have been studied. Since in most of these studies only five or six antibiotics were evaluated together, we decided to compare the in vitro activities of 13 P-lactam antibiotics in one study. MATERIALS AND METHODSAntibiotics. Cephalothin and cefamandole were obtained from Lilly Research Centre Ltd., Windlesham, England; moxalactam was obtained from Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind.; cefuroxime and ceftazidime were obtained from Glaxo Group Research Ltd., Greenford, England; cefoxitin and N-formimidoyl thienamycin were obtained from Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories, Rahway, N.J.; ceftizoxime was obtained from Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan; ceforanide was obtained from Bristol-Myers B.V., Bussum, The Netherlands; cefotaxime was obtained from Roussel Uclaf, Paris, France; cefoperazone was obtained from Pfizer Corp., Brussels, Belgium; cefsulodin was obtained from Ciba-Geigy Ltd., Basel, Switzerland; and ceftriaxone was obtained from Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., Basel, Switzerland.Bacterial isolates. The strains examined were cultured from patients hospitalized in the St. Radboud University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, with the exception of most of the Campylobacter and Yersinia strains. The latter strains were human isolates obtained from the National Institute of Public Health, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. Most of the isolates were considered to be clinically significant, with the exception of the Citrobacter and Acinetobacter isolates, a number of the Streptococcus faecalis isolates, and the coagulase-negative Staphylococcus strains. The strains were collected during 1980. A number of strains were kept frozen at -70°C until they were used. Gonococci and Haemophilus influenzae were stored in 1% proteose peptone (catalog no. 0122; Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Mich.) containing 8% glycerin, and Campylobacterjejuni, Bacteroides spp., and Clostridium spp. were stored in fluid thioglycolate medium (catalog no. 0256; Difco). The remaining strains were stored at room temperature in the dark; streptococci were stored in cooked meat medium (catalog no. 0267; Difco), and the other strains were stored on slants of heart infusion agar (catalog no. 0044; Difco).Susceptibility tests. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by an agar dilution method. The susceptibility of C. jejuni was ...

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

Comparative activities of 13 beta-lactam antibiotics

Muytjens¹,

Repe²

1982

“…Preliminary data suggest that it is active against Bacteroides fragilis and has various degrees of activity against other anaerobic bacteria (3,11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to nine antimicrobial agents and demonstration of decreased susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens to penicillin

Marrie¹,

Haldane²,

Swantee³

et al. 1981

The activity of moxalactam, cefoxitin, cephalothin, cefamandole, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, metronidazole, and ticarcillin was determined against 344 isolates of anaerobic bacteria. The activity of penicillin G was determined as well for 234 isolates not of the Bacteroides fragilis group. Moxalactam was more active than cephalothin and cefamandole and slightly less active than cefoxitin. Metronidazole was the most active antimicrobial agent against the B. fragilis group, whereas chloramphenicol was most active overall. Clostridium species were the most resistant group of organisms tested. Relatively high concentrations of penicillin were required to inhibit the C. perfringens strains: 80% at 0.5 U/ml and 100% at 16 U/ml. Our study demonstrates the need for periodic anaerobe susceptibility testing in order to better guide empiric antibiotic therapy.

“…The only organisms which were usually resistant to 128 ,tg of cefoperazone per ml were strains of Flavobacterium odoratum and Group IIk biotype 1. Cefoperazone is a new cephalosporin antibiotic which is more active than commercially available 83-lactam antibiotics against most strains of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). It also has significant activity against gram-positive cocci other than enterococci (4-6, 8, 9), Haemophilus influenzae (1, 9), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (1,4,9), and some anaerobes (3,6,9). The purpose of this study was to test the activity of cefoperazone against a variety of nonfermenters and Aeromonas hydrophila.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro activity of cefoperazone against nonfermenters and Aeromonas hydrophila

Fass¹

1980

The in vitro activity of cefoperazone against 380 strains (33 species and unnamed groups) of nonferenters and 20 strains of Aeromonas hydrophila was studied by a microdilution method of determining minimal inhibitory concentrations. For comparison, the activities of ampicillin, ticarcillin, and cefamandole were simultaneously studied. Cefoperazone was the most active drug against Pseudomonas sp., Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Flavobacterium meningosepticum. Flavobacterium sp. (group IIb), Group IVc biotype 2, Group Ve, and Aeromonas hydrophila. Against other organisms it was equivalent in activity to or less active than comparative antibiotics. The only organisms which were usually resistant to 128 microgram of cefoperazone per ml were strains of Flavobacterium odoratum and Group IIk biotype 1.