Comparative Implantation and Placentation

Chavatte‐Palmer, Pascale; Guillomot, Michel

doi:10.1159/000101742

Cited by 42 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…rather maintain an apical-apical adhesion throughout the implantation process (Chavatte-Palmer & Guillomot 2007). Understanding the events associated with apicalapical adhesion could provide a new insight into the relationship between trophoblast and uterine cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of mesenchymal-related genes by the bovine trophectoderm following conceptus attachment to the endometrial epithelium

Yamakoshi¹,

Bai²,

Chaen³

et al. 2012

Reproduction

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In the course of experiments to identify and characterize the factors that function in bovine conceptuses during peri-attachment periods, various transcripts related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were found. In this study, RNA was extracted from different sets of days 17, 20, and 22 (day 0Zday of estrous) bovine conceptuses and subjected to real-time PCR analysis as well as Western blotting, from which abundances of N-cadherin (CDH2), vimentin, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (gelatinase A, 72 kDa gelatinase, 72 kDa type IV collagenase) (MMP2), and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (gelatinase B, 92 kDa gelatinase, 92 kDa type IV collagenase) (MMP9) mRNAs were determined on day 22, concurrent with (CDH1) mRNA and protein downregulation. Transcription factors in EMT processes were then analyzed and changes in snail homolog 2 (Drosophila) (SNAI), zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2), twist homolog 1 (Drosophila) (TWIST1), twist homolog 2 (Drosophila) (TWIST2), and Kruppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) transcripts were found in day 22 conceptuses, while confirming SNAI2 expression by Western blotting. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the day 22 trophectoderm expressed the mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin as well as the epithelial marker cytokeratin. In attempts to identify the molecular mechanisms by which the trophectoderm expressed EMT-related genes, growth factor receptors associated with EMT were analyzed. Upregulation of the growth factor receptor transcripts, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), platelet-derived growth factor receptor, alpha polypeptide (PDGFRA), platelet-derived growth factor receptor, beta polypeptide (PDGFRB), and transforming growth factor, beta receptor II (70/80 kDa) (TGFBR2) mRNAs, was found on day 22. The analysis was extended to determine the integrin (ITG) transcripts and found high levels of integrin, alpha 4 (antigen CD49D, alpha 4 subunit of VLA-4 receptor) (ITGA4), integrin, alpha 8 (ITGA8), integrin, beta 3 (platelet glycoprotein IIIa, antigen CD61) (ITGB3), and integrin, beta 5 (ITGB5) mRNAs on day 22. These observations indicate that after the conceptus-endometrium attachment, EMT-related transcripts as well as the epithelial marker cytokeratin were present in the bovine trophectoderm and suggest that the implantation process for noninvasive trophoblasts requires not only extracellular matrix expression but also partial EMT.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of mesenchymal-related genes by the bovine trophectoderm following conceptus attachment to the endometrial epithelium

Yamakoshi¹,

Bai²,

Chaen³

et al. 2012

Reproduction

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“…Dev. 58: [189][190][191][192][193][194][195] 2012) I n cattle, as in other ungulate ruminants, the implantation process is characterized by a protracted period of elongation of the hatched blastocyst followed by apposition, attachment and adhesion of the trophectoderm to the uterine luminal epithelium (LE) [1,2]. Following successful fertilisation of an oocyte in the oviduct, the resulting embryo enters the uterus on approximately day 4 of pregnancy where it undergoes a number of cell divisions to form the morula which, after further differentiation, forms a blastocyst consisting of the inner cells mass (which will eventually give rise to the embryo/foetus) and an outer cell mass consisting of trophectoderm cells which ultimately give rise to the placenta.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Bovine Endometrium: What is Required to Establish Uterine Receptivity to Implantation in Cattle ?

2012

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Abstract. In cattle, the majority of pregnancy loss can be attributed to early embryonic loss which occurs prior maternal recognition of pregnancy on Day 16 (Day 0 = ovulation). During this time, carefully orchestrated spatio-temporal alterations in the transcriptomic profile of the endometrium are required to drive conceptus elongation, via secretions from the endometrium (termed histotroph) and establish uterine receptivity to implantation. The two main modulators of these processed are progesterone (P4) and the pregnancy recognition signal interferon tau (IFNT). Altered concentrations of P4 in circulation mediate its effects via the endometrium and have been associated with different rates of conceptus elongation in cattle. Transcriptomic analysis of the endometrium has shown that modulation of circulating P4 alters endometrial expression of genes that can contribute to histotroph composition, which is beneficial (when P4 is supplemented) or detrimental (when P4 is reduced) to the developing conceptus. In addition, down-regulation of the progesterone receptor, required to establish uterine receptivity, is altered in the endometrium of heifers with altered P4 concentrations. IFNT, a type 1 interferon, also significantly impacts on the endometrial transcriptome. It induces the expression of a large number of classical interferon stimulated genes as early as Day 15 of pregnancy. In summary, the successful establishment of pregnancy in cattle requires a sequence of key events to ensure appropriate maternally derived secretions, establish uterine receptivity to implantation as well as an adequate endometrial response to IFNT production. Key words: Estrous cycle, Gene expression, Pregnancy, Progesterone (J. Reprod. Dev. 58: [189][190][191][192][193][194][195] 2012) I n cattle, as in other ungulate ruminants, the implantation process is characterized by a protracted period of elongation of the hatched blastocyst followed by apposition, attachment and adhesion of the trophectoderm to the uterine luminal epithelium (LE) [1,2]. Following successful fertilisation of an oocyte in the oviduct, the resulting embryo enters the uterus on approximately day 4 of pregnancy where it undergoes a number of cell divisions to form the morula which, after further differentiation, forms a blastocyst consisting of the inner cells mass (which will eventually give rise to the embryo/foetus) and an outer cell mass consisting of trophectoderm cells which ultimately give rise to the placenta. Up to the blastocyst stage of development, the embryo is relatively autonomous i.e. contact with the maternal uterine environment is not strictly required, as evidenced by the fact it is possible to culture embryos in vitro up to the blastocyst stage of development. However, once the embryo hatches from the zona pellucida (approximately day 9-10), significant morphological changes occur in the conceptus of domestic animals, including cattle, that differentiate the early pregnancy events from those of rodents, humans and non-human primates. The hatch...

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“…This process depends on the complex series of molecular and cellular mechanisms that are induced in the uterus by several species-specific paracricne and autocrine regulations (Joyce et al 2007, Germeyer et al 2009, Seshagiri et al 2009, Aguilar and Mitchell 2010, Paidas et al 2010. The process of successful implantation is divided into three steps, including the apposition, adhesion and invasion (Chavatte-Palmer and Guillomot 2007, Demir et al 2010, Robertson 2010. The apposition, described also as the initial step of implantation, is characterized by a specific interaction between micro-protrusions, also called pinopodes, from the apical uterine epithelium surface and microvilli on the apical syncytiotrophoblast surface of the preimplantation blastocyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of integrins and vascular endothelial growth factor isoforms mRNA expression in the canine uterus during perimplantation period

Bukowska¹,

Kempisty²,

Jackowska³

et al. 2011

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Integrins are the major receptors within the extracellular matrix (ECM) that mediate several functions connected with cell life and metabolism, such as cell adhesion, migration, cytoskeletal organization, proliferation, survival, and differentiation. A vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most important angiogenic factors. It has been suggested that the expression of this gene may play crucial physiological roles in reproductive organs.All investigated endometrial tissues were isolated on day 10-12 after mating. Control bitches, used in this study, were in metestrus, which was determined according to the vaginal cytology and progesterone level in blood. Early pregnancy was verified by flushing the uterine horns with PBS. Total RNA was isolated from the bitches endometrium by means of the Chomczyński and Sacchi method, treated by DNase I, and reverse-transcribed into cDNA. A quantitative analysis of integrins α2b, β2 and β3, VEGF 164, 182 and 188 cDNA was performed by RT-PCR.In results we have shown an increased expression of all investigated genes (integrins α2b, β2 and β3, VEGF 164, 182, and 188) in pregnant bitches uterus as compared to non-pregnant females (P<0.001).Our results indicated that the expression of genes encoding integrins and vascular endothelial growth factors is different in relation to the time of the embryo implantation and it is increased in the first period of this process. This may be associated with the induction of specific mechanisms responsible for receptivity of uterus following the embryo attachment. In addition, all of investigated genes are up-regulated in a pregnancy-specific manner and the increased expression of these genes may regulate the uterus function during the implantation of canine embryos.

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Comparative Implantation and Placentation

Cited by 42 publications

References 52 publications

Expression of mesenchymal-related genes by the bovine trophectoderm following conceptus attachment to the endometrial epithelium

Expression of mesenchymal-related genes by the bovine trophectoderm following conceptus attachment to the endometrial epithelium

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Bovine Endometrium: What is Required to Establish Uterine Receptivity to Implantation in Cattle ?

Analysis of integrins and vascular endothelial growth factor isoforms mRNA expression in the canine uterus during perimplantation period

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