Comparative imaging of differential pulmonary blood flow in patients with congenital heart disease: magnetic resonance imaging versus lung perfusion scintigraphy

Abstract

When using PC-MR to assess pulmonary blood flow ratio, important technical errors occur in a significant proportion of patients who have abnormal pulmonary artery anatomy or pulmonary hypertension. If these technical errors are avoided, PC-MR is able to supply both anatomic and quantitative functional information in this patient population.

Pediatric Cardiac MRI

“…The accuracy of this technique has been validated both in vitro and in vivo (Bogren et al 1989;Evans et al 1993;Firmin et al 1987;Frayne et al 1995;Kondo et al 1991a, b;Greil et al 2002a, b). Scan time can be shortened using segmented k-space technique, with the penalty of decreased temporal resolution (Kellenberger et al 2005), and by combining parallel imaging techniques (Beerbaum et al 2003;Prakash et al 2006). Real-time phase contrast has also been applied clinically ).…”

“…Real-time phase contrast has also been applied clinically ). The main clinical applications include estimation of regurgitant fraction ( (Roman et al 2005;Sridharan et al 2006), and systemic-topulmonary shunts (Powell and Geva 2000). Phase contrast techniques have also been used as a sensitive means of detecting flow dephasing to locate the presence of atrial and ventricular septal defects, to detect flow restrictive conditions (Fig.…”

Haemoptysis due to pulmonary venous stenosis

“…For the assessment of pulmonary venous stenosis different MRI techniques are available, such as noncontrast white-blood imaging, threedimensional (3D) steady-state free precession magnetic resonance angiography, four-dimensional flow MRI, phase-contrast velocity mapping and contrast-enhanced gadolinium magnetic resonance angiography [88,89,[97][98][99][100][101]. Magnetic resonance-perfusion imaging has 95% sensitivity and 100% specificity to detect perfusion deficits in cases of haemodynamically relevant pulmonary venous stenosis, compared to the scintigraphic SPECT technique [97]. With phase-contrast MRI, the pulmonary venous flow and mean flow velocities in the mediastinal veins can be quantified.…”

The emerging clinical role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging

“…Phase-contrast velocity mapping allows measurement of blood flow as well as velocity. In this regard, phasecontrast techniques are useful for evaluation of flow, stenosis and regurgitation in the systemic and pulmonary circulations (13,14), and in shunt quantification in CHD (15).…”