Comparative Human Landing Catch and CDC Light Trap in Mosquito Sampling in Knowlesi Malaria Endemic Areas in Peninsula Malaysia

Raza, Ahmad; Azahary, A. R. Aidil; Nor, Zurainee Mohamed; Najdah, Wan Mohd Ali Wan; Zamree, I; Hanif, Mohd Omar; Ariffin, Mohd Majid; Zuhaizam, Hamid; Ismail, Suzilah; Lee, Hanlim

doi:10.4236/ae.2016.41001

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…using CDC light traps [ 44 ]. Our findings were also in agreement with the previous study by Rohani et al (2016) where HLC had a better ability to catch these three species of Anopheles mosquitoes compared to CO 2 baited CDC light traps [ 24 ]. However, in their study, An.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Few studies had previously evaluated different trapping methods for monitoring malaria vectors. These include the conventional trapping methods such as CDC light traps [ 24 ], human-baited double net (HDN) traps [ 25 ], BG-malaria traps [ 38 , 39 ] and monkey-baited traps [ 40 ] as well as some of the latest methods, including M-Tego [ 41 ], Suna traps [ 42 ] and electric nets [ 43 ]. All these studies agree that different sampling techniques influence the quantity and diversity of the mosquitoes collected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings call for further investigations to assess the effectiveness of Mosquito Magnet for surveillance of Anopheles populations in Malaysia. Furthermore, the efficacy of the Mosquito Magnet in trapping Anopheles mosquitoes from the Leucosphyrus group, which are the known vectors for knowlesi and simian malaria, has not been determined while other methods such as CDC light traps [ 24 ] and human baited traps [ 25 ] have been previously evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Mosquito Magnet and other collection tools for Anopheles mosquito vectors of simian malaria

et al. 2021

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Background Vector surveillance is essential in determining the geographical distribution of mosquito vectors and understanding the dynamics of malaria transmission. With the elimination of human malaria cases, knowlesi malaria cases in humans are increasing in Malaysia. This necessitates intensive vector studies using safer trapping methods which are both field efficient and able to attract the local vector populations. Thus, this study evaluated the potential of Mosquito Magnet as a collection tool for Anopheles mosquito vectors of simian malaria along with other known collection methods. Methods A randomized 4 × 4 Latin square designed experiment was conducted to compare the efficiency of the Mosquito Magnet against three other common trapping methods: human landing catch (HLC), CDC light trap and human baited trap (HBT). The experiment was conducted over six replicates where sampling within each replicate was carried out for 4 consecutive nights. An additional 4 nights of sampling was used to further evaluate the Mosquito Magnet against the “gold standard” HLC. The abundance of Anopheles sampled by different methods was compared and evaluated with focus on the Anopheles from the Leucosphyrus group, the vectors of knowlesi malaria. Results The Latin square designed experiment showed HLC caught the greatest number of Anopheles mosquitoes (n = 321) compared to the HBT (n = 87), Mosquito Magnet (n = 58) and CDC light trap (n = 13). The GLMM analysis showed that the HLC method caught significantly more Anopheles mosquitoes compared to Mosquito Magnet (P = 0.049). However, there was no significant difference in mean nightly catch of Anopheles mosquitoes between Mosquito Magnet and the other two trapping methods, HBT (P = 0.646) and CDC light traps (P = 0.197). The mean nightly catch for both An. introlatus (9.33 ± 4.341) and An. cracens (4.00 ± 2.273) caught using HLC was higher than that of Mosquito Magnet, though the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). This is in contrast to the mean nightly catch of An. sinensis (15.75 ± 5.640) and An. maculatus (15.78 ± 3.479) where HLC showed significantly more mosquito catches compared to Mosquito Magnet (P < 0.05). Conclusions Mosquito Magnet has a promising ability to catch An. introlatus and An. cracens, the important vectors of knowlesi and other simian malarias in Peninsular Malaysia. The ability of Mosquito Magnet to catch some of the Anopheles mosquito species is comparable to HLC and makes it an ethical and safer alternative. Graphic Abstract

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Mosquito Magnet and other collection tools for Anopheles mosquito vectors of simian malaria

et al. 2021

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“…Unfortunately, out of thousands of mosquitoes collected, only a single resting Anopheles mosquito was successfully obtained from each study. Other methods available to collect non-resting mosquitoes for blood meal analysis such as CDC light traps are inefficient at collecting Anopheles mosquitoes from the Leucosphyrus Group compared to human landing catch (HLC) 16 , 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood meal analysis of Anopheles vectors of simian malaria based on laboratory and field studies

Jeyaprakasam

Low

Liew

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Blood feeding and host-seeking behaviors of a mosquito play an imperative role in determining its vectorial capacity in transmitting pathogens. Unfortunately, limited information is available regarding blood feeding behavior of Anopheles species in Malaysia. Collection of resting Anopheles mosquitoes for blood meal analysis poses a great challenge especially for forest dwelling mosquitoes. Therefore, a laboratory-based study was conducted to evaluate the potential use of mosquitoes caught using human landing catch (HLC) for blood meal analysis, and subsequently to document blood feeding behavior of local Anopheles mosquitoes in Peninsular Malaysia. The laboratory-based experiment from this study revealed that mosquitoes caught using HLC had the potential to be used for blood meal analysis. Besides HLC, mosquitoes were also collected using manual aspirator and Mosquito Magnet. Overall, 47.4% of 321 field-caught Anopheles mosquitoes belonging to six species were positive for vertebrate host DNA in their blood meal. The most frequent blood meal source was human (45.9%) followed by wild boar (27.4%), dog (15.3%) and monkey (7.5%). Interestingly, only Anopheles cracens and Anopheles introlatus (Leucosphyrus Group) fed on monkey. This study further confirmed that members of the Leucosphyrus Group are the predominant vectors for knowlesi malaria transmission in Peninsular Malaysia mainly due to their simio-anthropophagic feeding behavior.

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“…Recent studies have shown that light trap is not as efficient as human landing catch method (Rohani et al . 2015). Both human landing catches and monkey-baited traps come with associated ethical problems yet for these particular vector species light traps do not provide a good alternative method.…”

Section: Challenges Associated With Vector Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of Plasmodium knowlesi vectors: a public health concern?

2016

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Plasmodium knowlesi a simian malaria parasite is currently affecting humans in Southeast Asia. Malaysia has reported the most number of cases and P. knowlesi is the predominant species occurring in humans. The vectors of P. knowlesi belong to the Leucosphyrus group of Anopheles mosquitoes. These are generally described as forest-dwelling mosquitoes. With deforestation and changes in land-use, some species have become predominant in farms and villages. However, knowledge on the distribution of these vectors in the country is sparse. From a public health point of view it is important to know the vectors, so that risk factors towards knowlesi malaria can be identified and control measures instituted where possible. Here, we review what is known about the knowlesi malaria vectors and ascertain the gaps in knowledge, so that future studies could concentrate on this paucity of data in-order to address this zoonotic problem.

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Comparative Human Landing Catch and CDC Light Trap in Mosquito Sampling in Knowlesi Malaria Endemic Areas in Peninsula Malaysia

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Evaluation of Mosquito Magnet and other collection tools for Anopheles mosquito vectors of simian malaria

Evaluation of Mosquito Magnet and other collection tools for Anopheles mosquito vectors of simian malaria

Blood meal analysis of Anopheles vectors of simian malaria based on laboratory and field studies

Current status of Plasmodium knowlesi vectors: a public health concern?

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