Comparative geology and geochemistry of sedimentary-rock-hosted (Carlin Type) gold deposits in the People's Republic of China and in Nevada, USA

Zhi-ping, LI; Peters, Stephen G.

doi:10.3133/ofr98466

Cited by 36 publications

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“…This silicification is as extensive as that usually observed in the Carlin type gold deposits within the Huijiabao metallegenic belt (Li, 1996;Li and Peters, 1998). Replacement of carbonate with quartz has intensively altered the carbonate-rich host rocks.…”

Section: A~ymentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The importance of early hypogene alteration was to increase porosity and permeability of the host rocks and thus make them more favorable for mineralization. The process of hypogene hydrothermal alteration of carbonate-rich hosts invariably begins with décalcification, which is characteristic of sedimentary-hosted precious metal deposits (Radtke 1985;Berger and Bagby, 1991;Li and Peters, 1998).…”

Section: A~ymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although, it is outside the scope of the present study to analyze this situation, it can be inferred from this study that Tl dispersion can be a widespread phenomenon outside the Lanmuchang area. However, the level of Tl concentration will vary depending on the primary dispersion pattern of Tl (Li and Peters, 1998). …”

Section: Environmental Risks Of Tl On the Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water Gold mineralization (known as Carlin-type gold deposits) with accompanying Tl, Hg and As occurs in a number of localities in a geological environment similar to Lanmuchang area (Li and Peters, 1998). Thallium mineralization occurred in low temperature (160°C-250°C) and supergene environment (Chen, 1989b), very similar to that of gold mineralization (150°C-240°C) (Li and Peters, 1998). Therefore, it is geologically reasonable to assume that the introduction of Tl into the host strata of P2I, P2C and Tiy is related to gold mineralization.…”

Section: Environmental Risks Of Tl On the Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental impact of thallium related to the mercury-thallium-gold mineralization in southwest Guizhou Province China

Xiao¹

2001

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Toxic metals associated with metal mineralization and mining are critical targets for environmental studies. Thallium, as a typical toxic metal, has received less attention from a geo-environmental perspective since thallium deposits are relatively rare.This study focuses on natural accumulation of thallium associated with Hg-Tl-(Au) mineralization in the Lanmuchang area in southwest Guizhou Province, China, as a case study for thallium hazard in a geo-environmental perspective. It aims at understanding of the occurrence, the transfer processes and the environmental impacts of thallium related to natural processes and human activity. The distribution and dispersion of thallium together with mercury and arsenic in bedrock, sulfide ore, coals, soil, sediment, ground and surface waters, crops and vegetation have been examined.This study shows that the Lanmuchang area can be characterized as a specific geological context of thallium, mercury and arsenic accumulations. The extensive occurrences of sulfide minerals, such as lorandite, cinnabar, realgar, orpiment and pyrite are the primary carriers of Tl, Hg and As in the rocks and ores. Thallium occurs either as isomorphous substitution in the structure of sulfide minerals of mercury ores, arsenic ores coals, or as a pure thallium mineral lorandite.Tl, Hg and As accumulations are characterized by their high concentrations in rocks/ores, soils, sediments, (sub)surface waters and various crops. The range of thallium concentrations are 33-35000 ppm in sulfide ores, 12-46 ppm in coals, 33-490 ppm in host rocks, 25-1100 ppm in secondary minerals, and 6-330 ppm in outcropped host rocks. Thallium concentrations in soils in the mineralized area range from 53 to 282 ppm, from 21 to 100 ppm in alluvial deposits or foundation soils, from 40 to 46 ppm in slope wash material, and from 2.2 to 29 ppm in undisturbed natural soil. A high concentration has also been observed in sediments, ranging from 10 to 3700 ppm. Thallium concentrations are also high in the deep groundwater of the thallium-mineralized area (13.4-1102 \lg/\), decreasing away from the area to a background level of less than 0.005 |ig/l. In stream water, thallium concentration ranges from 0.3 to 33 jig/1, with marked high contents in downstream sections which likely originated from an unidentified groundwater discharge. In the edible parts of various vegetables and cereals, thallium ranges from 0.21 to 494 ppm (dry weight). The uptake of thallium is more pronounced in vegetables than in cereals, and the highest accumulation occurs in green cabbage.The dispersion of thallium together with mercury and arsenic in the specific ecosystem of Lanmuchang is constrained by the original Tl-Hg-As sulfide mineralization, the specific topography and hydro-geomorphology, and by the disturbance of human activity. High values of thallium are concentrated in the mineralized and mining area; away from this area, thallium concentrations decreases gradually to a background level. Thallium from bedrocks is accumulated in soils, se...

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Section: A~ymentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: A~ymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Risks Of Tl On the Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Risks Of Tl On the Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Environmental impact of thallium related to the mercury-thallium-gold mineralization in southwest Guizhou Province China

Xiao¹

2001

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“…1-3). In the U.S.A., the deposits found in the Carlin (Li and Peters, 1998). The host rocks of the known SHDG deposits, in southwest Guizhou Province, China, are generally turbidite or carbonate formations with detrital, siliceous and basic volcanic rock, and ash tuff.…”

Section: Main Controls On the Distribution Of Shdg Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry of the sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits in Southwestern Guizhou Province, China /

Bao¹

2001

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Geology, geochemistry and genesis of the Huachanggou gold deposit, western Qinling Orogen, central China

2014

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The large Huachanggou gold deposit, on the southern margin of the Mian‐Lue Suture in western Qinling Orogen (central China), is hosted in the Devonian Sanhekou Group composed of spilite, limestone and phyllite. The mineralization is considered to have occurred in three stages: (1) Early quartz–pyrite veins, (2) Middle quartz–sulphides veins, and (3) Late carbonate–quartz veinlets, with gold being introduced mainly in the second stage. Quartz formed in the two earlier stages contains four types of fluid inclusions, namely (1) Pure CO2, (2) CO2–H2O, (3) Solid‐bearing and (4) NaCl–H2O, whereas the late‐stage minerals contain only the NaCl–H2O inclusions. The inclusions in quartz formed in the early‐, middle‐ and late stages have yielded total homogenization temperatures of 272−385 °C, 232−395 °C and 118−228 °C, respectively, with salinities no higher than 12 wt.% NaCl equiv. For the middle‐stage, trapping pressures estimated from the CO2–H2O inclusions for the altered spilite‐type (123−326 MPa) and quartz vein‐type (132−342 MPa) orebodies correspond to mineralization depths of 12 km and 13 km, respectively. We suggest that fluid boiling and mixing may have caused rapid precipitation of metallic sulphides and native gold. Through boiling and influx of meteoric water, the ore‐forming fluid system has evolved from CO2‐rich to CO2‐poor and from metamorphic to meteoric, as indicated by the decreasing δ18Owater values from the early‐ to late stages. Integrating the evidence obtained from regional geology, ore deposit geology, fluid inclusion and C–H–O isotope geochemistry, we conclude that the Huachanggou gold deposit is best ascribed to be an orogenic‐type system formed in the tectonic setting of the north‐vergent oceanic plate subduction along the Mian‐Lue Suture during the Late Triassic. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Comparative geology and geochemistry of sedimentary-rock-hosted (Carlin Type) gold deposits in the People's Republic of China and in Nevada, USA

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental impact of thallium related to the mercury-thallium-gold mineralization in southwest Guizhou Province China

Environmental impact of thallium related to the mercury-thallium-gold mineralization in southwest Guizhou Province China

Geochemistry of the sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits in Southwestern Guizhou Province, China /

Geology, geochemistry and genesis of the Huachanggou gold deposit, western Qinling Orogen, central China

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