Comparative evaluation of processed soybean meal (EnzoMealTM) vs. regular soybean meal as a fishmeal replacement in diets of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Effects on growth performance and growth-related genes

Kumar, Vikas; Lee, Seunghan; Cleveland, Beth M.; Romano, Nicholas; Lalgudi, Ramanathan S.; Benito, Marina Rubio; McGraw, Barry; Hardy, Ronald W.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734652

Cited by 44 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Rainbow trout growth performance values obtained here with the Control and A10 diets were within the reported range considering the initial fish size used [13,49]. Furthermore, present lower growth performance, with reduced values of SGR, WG, FCR and HSI in rainbow trout fed the highest (30%) inclusion of Narbonne vetch meal is in line with the previously published study using this vegetable protein source in tilapia [26], the related lower apparent digestibility coefficient of protein and the presence of thermostable ANFs, as well as with the histopathological conditions induced on the proximal intestine previously mentioned.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Fish meal (FM) and fish oil (FO) have been the base of aquafeeds due to good digestibility, adequate balance of the amino acids profile and excellent palatability [ 49 ]. The increased aquaculture production during last decades in order to deal with the rise of fish consumption per capita and the constant growth of the human population, has led to an amplification of the demand to cope with animal protein requirements for food security and nutrition [ 1 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects and Safe Inclusion of Narbonne Vetch (Vicia narbonensis) in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Diets: Towards a More Sustainable Aquaculture

Tomás-Almenar

Toledo-Solís

Larrán

et al. 2020

Animals

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Aquaculture’s sustainability deeply relies on the identification and inclusion of alternative raw materials. Although meals from insects and/or byproducts from different industries are being recently tested, the meal from terrestrial vegetable species is still the main substitution candidate for fish meal. Here the effects of 0% (Control), 10% (A10) and 30% (A30) inclusion of Narbonne vetch (Vicia narbonensis; ZV-156 strain) meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) diets was assessed in a 63-day feeding trial by means of growth performance, histopathological, nutritional value of the fish fillet and blood biochemistry analyses. A dose-response trial was conducted in triplicate with 25 rainbow trout juveniles (20 g average body weight) per 500 L tank. Narbonne vetch meal decreased total intestine protease activity in vitro (from 26.81% to 48% inhibition), although high temperature partially inhibited the action of antinutritional factors (ANFs). No differences in fish growth performance and no severe histopathological alterations on the proximal intestine were observed between 10% Narbonne vetch inclusion and Control groups. In contrast, high inclusion (30%) of Narbonne vetch led to poor growth performance (30% reduction on final growth) and severe histopathological alterations (e.g., loss of brush border integrity, high number of villi fusion, reduced goblet cells density as well as reduced width of submucosa, muscular and serosa layers). Furthermore, while the A30 diet decreased docosahexaenoic fatty acid (FA) content in fish fillets, the A10 diet improved monounsaturated FA content when compared to that of the Control group. No altered levels of cholesterol, glucose or triglycerides in blood plasma and/or histopathological effects on the liver were observed among fish fed the different experimental diets. Although further research efforts (e.g., identifying potential enzymatic treatments to decrease the action of ANFs from Narbonne vetch meal) might be required, present results show that a low inclusion (10%) of Narbonne vetch in rainbow trout diets is possible. The inclusion of locally produced legumes such a Narbonne vetch might be an interesting approach to reduce carbon footprint in European aquaculture and the dependency on other alternative raw materials such as soybean (Glycine max) imported from third countries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects and Safe Inclusion of Narbonne Vetch (Vicia narbonensis) in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Diets: Towards a More Sustainable Aquaculture

Tomás-Almenar

Toledo-Solís

Larrán

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…replacing 15 and 30% of FM [19]. Although comparing feed efficiency parameters among different studies may lack in veracity due to differences in feed formulation, feeding practices and rearing conditions, FCR values recorded in the present trial were within the range of values found in other studies dealing with rainbow trout [71][72][73]. Under present experimental conditions, neither FCR nor FI were affected by the inclusion of Scenedesmus sp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

The Inclusion of the Microalga Scenedesmus sp. in Diets for Rainbow Trout, Onchorhynchus mykiss, Juveniles

Skalli¹,

Firmino

Andrée

et al. 2020

Animals

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A nutritional study was conducted to evaluate the inclusion of the green microalga Scenedesmus sp. at 5% (SCE-5) as an alternative fishmeal ingredient. This microalga was tested with four replicates during 45 days using isolipidic (18%), isoproteic (48%), and isoenergetic (1.9 MJ kg−1) diets. Fish fed Scenedesmus sp. showed similar growth and feed efficiency parameters as the control group. Regarding the digestive function, the SCE-5 diet enhanced the activity of alkaline pancreatic proteases, whereas it did not affect that of intestinal enzymes involved in nutrient absorption. No histological alterations were found in fish fed the SCE-5 diet, although a higher density of goblet cells in the anterior intestine and changes in gut microbiome diversity were found in this group, which collectively suggests positive effects of this green microalga on the intestine. Dietary Scenedesmus sp. improved the fillet’s nutritional quality in terms of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels, although it also increased its yellowish color. The overall results of this study showed that Scenedesmus sp. is a safe ingredient for compound feeds in rainbow trout when considering fish growth performance, animal condition, and health parameters, although it substantially affected the color of the fillet that may potentially affect consumers’ preferences.

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“…Soybean meal (SBM) is one of the most commonly used alternative plant-based ingredients to replace marine derived fishmeal (FM) in aquafeed. Relatively, high protein content and favorable amino acid profile of SBM approaches the nutritional requirement of many cultured species [1][2][3][4]. In carnivorous fish species almost 20-40% fishmeal protein can be replaced by SBM protein without compromising growth, feed utilization performances, and gut health [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also well documented that high dietary soy protein inclusion resulted in lower feed intake, reduced weight gain, morphological changes of distal intestinal epithelium, and abnormal health condition of fish [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The challenges behind the high inclusion of soy protein in aquafeed includes the limiting amino acids methionine, presence of high carbohydrate level which negatively influences mainly carnivorous species, and the presence of different antinutritional factors (ANFs) [1][2][3]. To overcome the challenges, several techniques have been attempted viz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Impacts of Soy Protein on Fish Gut Health

Kumar¹,

Hossain²,

Ragaza³

et al. 2020

Soybean for Human Consumption and Animal Feed

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Soy protein is the major source of protein as fishmeal replacement in fish feed because of its worldwide availability and low price. However, the presence of high carbohydrate content along with saponins, lectins, and phytates can have a negative impact on fish gut health. Based on the literature and our lab studies, dietary soybean meal can cause a dose-dependent type of distal intestine inflammation called enteritis in commercial fish species including salmonids. This leads to reduced absorptive capacity, increased mucus secretion, hyperpermeability, and leucocyte infiltration in the lamina propria and submucosa, also inducing the pro-inflammatory cytokine genes expression, including Il-1β, Il-8, and Tnf-α. In addition, dietary soy may alter the composition and population of the gut microbiota via providing nutrients and energy that preferentially support the growth of some gut bacteria. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge of the effects of soy protein on the enteritis and gut microbiota.

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Comparative evaluation of processed soybean meal (EnzoMealTM) vs. regular soybean meal as a fishmeal replacement in diets of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Effects on growth performance and growth-related genes

Cited by 44 publications

References 61 publications

Effects and Safe Inclusion of Narbonne Vetch (Vicia narbonensis) in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Diets: Towards a More Sustainable Aquaculture

Effects and Safe Inclusion of Narbonne Vetch (Vicia narbonensis) in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Diets: Towards a More Sustainable Aquaculture

The Inclusion of the Microalga Scenedesmus sp. in Diets for Rainbow Trout, Onchorhynchus mykiss, Juveniles

The Potential Impacts of Soy Protein on Fish Gut Health

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