Comparative Evaluation of Prevalence of Upper Cervical Vertebrae Anomalies in Cleft Lip/Palate Patients: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

ABSTRACT%Purpose: The patients with cleft lip and palate have a higher risk of cervical vertebrae anomalies than do patients in general population. The aim of present study was to determine the prevalence of various upper cervical spine anomalies in different type of clefts.Procedures: Lateral cephalograms of 128 patients (66 males, 62 females) with cleft lip and palate, and 125 (60 males, 65 females) non syndromic patients without cleft lip and palate were selected at random from archive. Cephalograms of the patients were traced and the diagnosis of any cervical vertebrae anomaly was noted. Anomalies were categorized as either: posterior arch deficiency or fusions.Main findings: Prevalence of cervical vertebrae anomalies in the c lef t group was 20. 3% while it was 6.4% in the control group. Further cervical vertebrae anomalies were 16.6% in the CPO group, 19.1% in the BCLP group, and 22.2% in the UCLP group.Conclusion: A higher prevalence of cervical vertebrae anomalies was observed in cleft lip and palate patients. The prevalenc e obser ved is 3 times more in clef t group than c ontrol group.How to cite this article: Datana S, Bhalla A, Kumar P, Roy SK, Londhe S. Comparative Evaluation of Prevalence of Upper Cervical Vertebrae Anomalies in Cleft Lip/Palate Patients: A Retrospective Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014;7(3):168-171.

Cone beam computed tomography evaluation of ponticulus posticus in patients with cleft lip and palate: a retrospective radio-anatomic study

“…The presence of associated anomalies in CLP has been proposed as a malformation spectrum and linked to a common embryologic factor based on a fault(s) at cellular level in which disruption of mesenchymal development may lead to abnormal migration, induction, and/or proliferation of embryonic tissues which can occur at sites distant from the palatal shelves, like the cervical spine. Numerous studies agree that patients with CLP exhibit a higher prevalence of cervical vertebral anomalies [7,14,21,24,27].…”

“…Collectively, craniofacial abnormalities are among the most common of all the birth defects. The most frequent of these are the CLP [7,13,19]. When investigating the craniofacial dysmorphology, it is tempting to make an association between two or more defects and link them to a common embryonic event.…”

“…Considering the fact that the cervical vertebrae and cranial base have common embryonic origin, and that the jaws are related to the cranial base, it may be speculated as a cause of association between the cervical vertebral anomalies and cranio-facial malformations [32][33][34][35][36]. Datana et al [7] reported that the upper cervical anomalies were more common in the CLP group than the control group. The authors reported that the prevalence of cervical vertebral anomalies in the CLP group was 20.3% while it was 6.4% in the control group [9].…”

“…CLP results in many complications including feeding, speech, hearing and psychological development. Patients with CLP have higher risk than patients in general population for the appearance of cervical vertebral anomalies [7,9,24,25,38]. The purpose of the this study was twofold: to determine of the prevalence and characteristics of PP in patients with CLP, and to compare the findings with patients in general population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).…”

The association of cleft lip and palate with cervical vertebral anomalies- a lateral cephalographic study

“…This finding was in agreement with (Ugar and Semb2001, p.501) and contrast with (Sandham 1986, Datana 2014). [11] We did not find any spina bifida. Vertebral fusion almost always occurs between C2 and C3.…”