Comparative evaluation of novel African swine fever virus (ASF) antibody detection techniques derived from specific ASF viral genotypes with the OIE internationally prescribed serological tests

Gallardo, Carmina; Soler, Alejandro; Nieto, Raquel; Carrascosa, Ángel L.; Mia, Gian Mario De; Bishop, Richard P.; Martins, Carlos; Fasina, Folorunso Oludayo; Couacy-Hymman, E.; Heath, Livio; Pelayo, V.; Martín, Elena; Simon, Alicia; Martin, R.R.; Okurut, Ademun Rose; Lekolol, I.; Okoth, Edward; Arias, Marisa

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.08.011

Cited by 44 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Kappa analysis showed that the IDvet-and SvanovaELISAs were not statistically different from each other and were both superior to the OIE-ELISA. The sensitivities of the assays determined by this study were lower than or equivalent to those in other published reports, especially to those using the OIE-recommended ELISA (42). Although this study was limited by the small positive sample size, this low sensitivity may be due to the fact that samples were collected from acutely infected animals prior to the development of the antibodies that are measurable by the ELISAs.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Therefore, the use of the most appropriate diagnostic tools that are updated to be applicable to all scenarios is critical for the implementation of effective control programs. Previous studies have examined the performance of serological (40,42) and virological (34) ASF diagnostic tests with a relatively large number of samples, which were mainly obtained from the African continent. The recent emergence of ASF in 2014 in some eastern EU countries has highlighted the need to assess ASF diagnostic tests to check their ability to detect the disease via viral DNA, antigens, and antibodies in clinical specimens in infected areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The techniques currently in use for ASF diagnosis give a confident diagnosis of the disease in any epidemiological situation (34,35,40,42). However, ASF diagnosis is complex due to the wide range of clinical forms and the similarity of its symptoms to those of other viral infections, such as classical swine fever (CSF) (1).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Assessment of African Swine Fever Diagnostic Techniques as a Response to the Epidemic Outbreaks in Eastern European Union Countries: How To Improve Surveillance and Control Programs

et al. 2015

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A frican swine fever (ASF) is a complex and lethal viral disease affecting swine and has a significant socioeconomic impact on both the developed and developing world. It has a major negative effect on national, regional, and international trade and constrains pig production in affected areas. The devastating acute form of the disease is characterized, among other features, by functional and congestive-hemorrhagic disorders of the digestive and respiratory systems and causes around 100% mortality in infected pigs (1). Both European wild boars (Sus scrofa) and feral pigs are susceptible and exhibit clinical signs and mortality rates similar to those of domestic pigs. In contrast, African wild pigs (Phacochoerus and Potamochoerus spp.) are resistant to the disease (2-10).The causative agent of the disease, the ASF virus (ASFV), is a large double-stranded DNA virus and the only member of the Asfarviridae family, genus Asfivirus (11, 12). The virus genome is 170 to 192 kb long (13-17). ASF is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, where it was first described in 1921 (18). Several outbreaks have occurred since then in Europe and South and Central America. In most non-African countries, the disease has been successfully eradicated, the only exception being Sardinia (Italy), where the disease is still endemic (19,20). In April 2007, the disease spread from East Africa to the Republic of Georgia (21), and outbreaks occurred in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and the Russian Federation (22). The ongoing spread of ASFV into adjacent eastern European countries, such as Ukraine (23,24) and Belarus (25), and the situation in Russia affecting both wild boars and domestic pigs placed neighboring areas in the European Union (EU) at risk for the spread of ASFV. The first cases of ASF in wild boars in Lithuania and Poland were reported in early 2014 in areas bordering . According to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), during 2014, nearly 260 ASF cases or outbreaks in wild boars and domestic pigs were detected in EU countries (Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and Poland). This situation, combined with the uncertainty present in Belarus, has created a permanent risk of reintroducing ASF into the EU via wild boars or the illegal trade of contaminated pork products and waste (31).No vaccine is available to prevent ASF infection. The control and eradication measures applicable are based on classical disease control methods, including surveillance, epidemiological investigation, tracing of pigs, and stamping out in infected holdings. Citation Gallardo C, Nieto R, Soler A, Pelayo V, Fernández-Pinero J, MarkowskaDaniel I, Pridotkas G, Nurmoja I, Granta R, Simón A, Pérez C, Martín E, Fernández-Pacheco P, Arias M. 2015. Assessment of African swine fever diagnostic techniques as a response to the epidemic outbreaks in eastern European Union countries: how to improve surveillance and control programs.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of African Swine Fever Diagnostic Techniques as a Response to the Epidemic Outbreaks in Eastern European Union Countries: How To Improve Surveillance and Control Programs

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“…Currently, ELISA is approved by OIE for primary screening anti-ASFV antibodies [26], but in general all of the known tests allow detecting specific antibodies in blood only [10,12,14]. The validation of ELISA kit by ROC analysis showed the possibility to use this kit for the detection of specific anti-ASFV antibodies in blood and tissue extracts in infected domestic pigs and wild boars.…”

Section: Criteria and Roc Curve Coordinates For Indirect Elisa Tests mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In subacute and chronic disease, virus-specific antibodies are found in blood on days 7-10 [13][14][15][16], so earlier a detection of the viral antigen or genome in blood is advisable [17], since viremia is typical of this ASF period [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of an Elisa Kit for Detection of Antibodies Against Asf Virus in Blood or Spleen of Domestic Pigs and Wild Boars

Strizhakova¹,

Lyska²,

Malogolovkin³

et al. 2016

S-h. biol.

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A b s t r a c tThe causal agent of African swine fever (ASF) is a DNA virus belonging to Asfaviridae family which affects both wild boar Sus scrofa and domestic pig Sus scrofa domestica. Special features of the course of (ASF and its forms should be considered for the effective use of various ASF diagnostic methods aimed at the pathogen or specific antibody identification. ASF diagnosis in the wild boar is of special importance. The wild boar susceptibility to ASF virus is well known, and the disease has been repeatedly reproduced in experiments and detected in European wild boars in natural conditions. It is not unfrequently that when shooting wild boars, only organ samples are delivered to laboratories, so we decided to estimate the diagnostic value of the antibodies detected in tissues and evaluate an earlier developed test system for its efficacy when used for the assay. This report represents the results of validation of an indirect ELISA (a commercial kit «VNIIVViM ASF-ELISA Ab/Ag») ASF virus specific antibody detection in blood serum and spleen tissue extracts. For comparison, an indirect immunofluorescence assay (indirect IFA) was used. To estimate the obtained results, ROC analysis was applied. Examination of positive (n = 66) and negative (n = 410) porcine blood serum samples using indirect ELISA showed high sensitivity and specificity of the method with reference to IFA. Among the 476 serum samples examined in indirect ELISA, only 8 sera (1.6 %) were within the positive/negative cutoff area. The highest sensitivity (100 %) and specificity (99.27 %) for indirect ELISA when examining both domestic pig and wild boar blood sera were determined at a cutoff value of 0.264. The samples of spleen extracts to be used for the study were collected from clinically healthy wild boars in ASF-affected Smolensk region in 2013 to 2014. In view of an acute form of the disease, we can suspect that the animals exhibiting positive reaction were in a latency period of the pathogeny. When examining the positive (n = 59) and negative (n = 678) spleen extracts, we also determined high sensitivity and specificity levels of indirect ELISA with reference to indirect IFA. Among the samples examined (n = 737), 10 (1.3 %) samples of spleen extracts were within the positive/negative cutoff area. The highest sensitivity (100 %) and specificity (98.82 %) were observed at a cutoff value of 0.284. Thus, we confirmed the assay to be effective for porcine blood sera with 100 % sensitivity (94.6 to 100 %) and 99.27 % specificity (97.90 to 99.80 %) and for spleen extracts with 100 % sensitivity (93.90 to 100 %) and 98.82 % specificity (97.70 to 99.50 %).

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African Swine Fever Virus

Sánchez‐Vizcaíno¹,

Laddomada²,

Arias³

2019

Diseases of Swine

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Comparative evaluation of novel African swine fever virus (ASF) antibody detection techniques derived from specific ASF viral genotypes with the OIE internationally prescribed serological tests

Cited by 44 publications

References 40 publications

Assessment of African Swine Fever Diagnostic Techniques as a Response to the Epidemic Outbreaks in Eastern European Union Countries: How To Improve Surveillance and Control Programs

Assessment of African Swine Fever Diagnostic Techniques as a Response to the Epidemic Outbreaks in Eastern European Union Countries: How To Improve Surveillance and Control Programs

Validation of an Elisa Kit for Detection of Antibodies Against Asf Virus in Blood or Spleen of Domestic Pigs and Wild Boars

African Swine Fever Virus

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