Comparative Evaluation of Five Culture Media with Triplex PCR Assay for Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Al-Talib, Hassanain; Yean, Chan Yean; Al-Khateeb, Alyaa; Singh, Kirnpal Kaur Banga; Hasan, Habsah; Al-Jashamy, Karim; Ravichandran, Manickam

doi:10.1007/s00284-009-9567-8

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This could be explained by low levels of expression of mecA due to the presence of small subpopulations that were not detected by phenotypic methods. Alternatively, the mecA gene may be defective in these isolates (28). We did not detect isolates expressing nonmecA-mediated resistance to oxacillin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Differences between Two Clinical Staphylococcus capitis Subspecies as Revealed by Biofilm, Antibiotic Resistance, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Profiling

et al. 2013

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bCoagulase-negative staphylococci have been identified as major causes of late-onset neonatal bacteremia in neonatal intensive care units. Sixty isolates of Staphylococcus capitis obtained from blood cultures of neonates between 2000 and 2005 were examined in this study. Biochemical analysis confirmed that 52 of these isolates belonged to the subsp. urealyticus, and the remaining 8 belonged to the subsp. capitis. Isolates of the predominant subsp. urealyticus clones were characterized by their resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, and oxacillin and their biofilm formation ability, whereas subsp. capitis isolates were generally antibiotic susceptible and biofilm negative. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) after SacII digestion separated the 60 isolates into five major clusters. Sequence analysis showed that, in S. capitis, the ica operon plus the negative regulator icaR was 4,160 bp in length. PCRs demonstrated the presence of the ica operon in all isolates. Further analysis of five isolates (two biofilm-positive subsp. urealyticus, one biofilm-negative subsp. urealyticus, and two biofilm-negative subsp. capitis) revealed that the ica operons were identical in all of the biofilm-positive subsp. urealyticus strains; however, the biofilm-negative isolates showed variations. The distinctive phenotypic and genotypic characteristics revealed by this study may affect the epidemiology of the two subspecies of S. capitis in the clinical setting. These results may provide a better understanding of the contribution of these two species to bloodstream infections in neonates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Differences between Two Clinical Staphylococcus capitis Subspecies as Revealed by Biofilm, Antibiotic Resistance, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Profiling

et al. 2013

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“… 39 In contrast, polymerase chain reaction has greater sensitivity for MRSA identification, but because of hospital capacity limitations, we did not use this technique for MRSA screening. 40 , 41 Second, we used only a single sampling site, the nares, which has a lower incidence of MRSA recovery than throat swabs and tracheal aspirates. Sampling multiple sites for culture has also been shown to increase MRSA-detection sensitivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusnasal colonization and infection in an intensive care unit of a university hospital in China

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveThis study was performed to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with nasal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization upon intensive care unit (ICU) admission and during the ICU stay in mainland China.MethodsA prospective observational study was performed in a 50-bed general ICU of a 4300-bed teaching hospital in China from 2011 to 2013. Nasal swabs for MRSA detection were obtained upon ICU admission and at discharge for patients having stayed in the ICU for longer than 3 days.ResultsIn total, 115 patients (4.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.4–4.9) were already colonized with MRSA on ICU admission, and another 185 patients (10.7%; 95% CI, 9.3–12.2) acquired MRSA during their ICU stay. Development of an MRSA infection was significantly more likely in patients with than without MRSA colonization on ICU admission (odds ratio [OR], 2.8; 95% CI, 1.1–7.3). Patients who acquired MRSA had significantly prolonged lengths of stay in the ICU (23.3 days) and higher hospital bills (135,171 RMB; about 19,590 USD) than those who tested negative for MRSA.ConclusionThe MRSA colonization rate among ICU patients in mainland China is high. Patients with MRSA-positive nasal swabs are more likely to develop MRSA infections.

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Transmission rates, screening methods and costs of MRSA—a systematic literature review related to the prevalence in Germany

Tübbicke

Hübner

Krämer

et al. 2012

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections represent a serious challenge for health care institutions, which is inherent in the combination of prevalence, transmission rates and costs. Furthermore, performing an MRSA screening requires information on the complex system of effectiveness, accuracy and costs of different screening methods. The purpose of this study was to give an overview of parameters with decisive significance for the burden of MRSA and the selection of a specific MRSA screening strategy. A systematic literature search for peer-reviewed health economic studies associated with MRSA was performed (from 1995 to the present). Eighty-seven different studies met all inclusion and exclusion criteria. Primary outcomes included the prevalence of MRSA, MRSA transmission rates, performance characteristics of MRSA screening methods, costs for pre-emptive isolation precautions and costs per MRSA case. The prevalence rates reported for all inpatients (1.2-5.3 %) as well as for inpatients with risk factors or patients in risk areas (3.85-20.6 %) vary greatly. The range of cross-transmission rates per day reported for patients with MRSA in isolation is 0.00081-0.009 and for carriers not in isolation is 0.00137-0.140, respectively. For polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods, the mean sensitivity and specificity were 91.09 and 95.79 %, respectively. Culture methods show an average sensitivity of 89.01 % and an average specificity of 93.21 %. The turn-around time for PCR methods averages 15 h, while for the culture method, it can only be estimated as 48-72 h. This review filtered important parameters and cost drivers, and covered them with literature-based averages. These findings serve as an ideal evidence base for further health economic considerations of the cost-effectiveness of different MRSA screening methods.

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Comparative Evaluation of Five Culture Media with Triplex PCR Assay for Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Differences between Two Clinical Staphylococcus capitis Subspecies as Revealed by Biofilm, Antibiotic Resistance, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Profiling

Differences between Two Clinical Staphylococcus capitis Subspecies as Revealed by Biofilm, Antibiotic Resistance, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Profiling

Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusnasal colonization and infection in an intensive care unit of a university hospital in China

Transmission rates, screening methods and costs of MRSA—a systematic literature review related to the prevalence in Germany

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