Comparative evaluation of different therapeutic protocols for contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in Himalayan Pashmina goats

Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal; Parray, Oveas Raffiq; Bhat, Riyaz Ahmed; Malik, H. U.; Fazili, M. R.; Qureshi, Sabia; Mir, Masood Saleem; Yousuf, Raja Wasim; Tufani, N. A.; Dhama, Kuldeep; Bashir, Shah Tauseef

doi:10.1007/s11250-019-01913-2

Cited by 7 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…e disease is highly contagious and is transmitted by close contact through inhalation of respiratory droplets [2]. Clinically, CCPP affects the respiratory tract and is characterised in its acute form by fever, anorexia, and severe respiratory distress with coughing, nasal discharge, dyspnoea, polypnoea, and fibrinous pleuropneumonia with straw-coloured pleural fluid [6][7][8]. CCPP symptoms are similar to those of other small ruminant diseases and a differential diagnostic has to be made from Pasteurellosis and Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Evaluation of an Immuno-Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Quantify the Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) Protein in Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) Vaccine

Baziki

Charles

Nwankpa

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine International

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An effective contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) vaccine is essential for the increased production of healthy goats in a cost-effective manner and the prevention of animal-to-animal transmission for both domestic animals and wildlife. Quality control of this vaccine ensures that a reliable supply of pure, safe, and potent batches is obtained. As part of this control, in vitro quantification of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) protein in the final vaccines is required before the CCPP vaccine undergoes batch release and certification. The current method used for quantification is based on the measurement of total protein using the bicinchonic acid (BCA) test. This method quantifies the total amount of protein in the vaccine including contaminant protein from media, which can lead to overestimation of the quantity of Mccp protein, resulting in reduced vaccine immunogenicity. An immuno-capture ELISA (ICE) was developed for specific detection and quantification of the Mccp antigen in the CCPP vaccine. As the ICE detects and measures the amount of antigen between two layers of antibodies, capture and detecting antibodies are required. Mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that detect the Mccp antigen were produced and characterized. One of these mAbs, Mccp-25, was used to develop the ICE as an unlabelled capture antibody and horseradish peroxidase conjugated detecting antibody. The ICE was standardized and evaluated using an internal reference sample, experimental CCPP vaccines and commercial CCPP vaccines. A comparison between the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ICE showed good correlation between the two assays. Also, an in vitro ICE method correlated well with an in vivo sero-conversion in goats that were vaccinated with selected test vaccines. The sensitivity of the ICE was estimated at 30 ng/ml.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Evaluation of an Immuno-Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Quantify the Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) Protein in Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) Vaccine

Baziki

Charles

Nwankpa

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine International

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“…Among various forms of stresses, endogenously oxidative and inflammatory stresses are the main generators of various biomarkers that correspond to alteration in different cellular systems they represent (Pickering et al, 2018; Virzì et al, 2018; Gabriela et al, 2019; Yatoo et al, 2019b). There exists a narrow margin of oxygen balance at the cellular level between the production of ROS and the effects of anti-oxidants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Highly reactive unpaired electrons present in ROS and free radicals are unleashed during oxidative stress and can be used as biomarkers at the cellular level (Ho et al, 2013). These free radicals stimulate an array of inflammatory reactions, generating numerous inflammatory mediators that also serve as stress biomarkers (Saban et al, 2018; Sharma et al, 2018; Yatoo et al, 2019b). Immunological stimulation of body defense systems by these alterations or the resulted products further extends the responsive cascade to molecular events including gene expression or protein translation (Yatoo et al, 2018, 2019b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These free radicals stimulate an array of inflammatory reactions, generating numerous inflammatory mediators that also serve as stress biomarkers (Saban et al, 2018; Sharma et al, 2018; Yatoo et al, 2019b). Immunological stimulation of body defense systems by these alterations or the resulted products further extends the responsive cascade to molecular events including gene expression or protein translation (Yatoo et al, 2018, 2019b). In addition, various proteins get expressed under varying stresses and can be evaluated as biomarkers, e.g., heat shock proteins (HSPs), which are the molecular chaperonins that protect cells from misfolding of denatured proteins during heat-induced stress (Mori et al, 2016) or diseases (Lechner et al, 2018; Tang T. et al, 2018), may also represent useful biomarkers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomarkers in Stress Related Diseases/Disorders: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Values

Dhama

Latheef

Dadar

et al. 2019

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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198

172

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Various internal and external factors negatively affect the homeostatic equilibrium of organisms at the molecular to the whole-body level, inducing the so-called state of stress. Stress affects an organism's welfare status and induces energy-consuming mechanisms to combat the subsequent ill effects; thus, the individual may be immunocompromised, making them vulnerable to pathogens. The information presented here has been extensively reviewed, compiled, and analyzed from authenticated published resources available on Medline, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, and other scientific databases. Stress levels can be monitored by the quantitative and qualitative measurement of biomarkers. Potential markers of stress include thermal stress markers, such as heat shock proteins (HSPs), innate immune markers, such as Acute Phase Proteins (APPs), oxidative stress markers, and chemical secretions in the saliva and urine. In addition, stress biomarkers also play critical roles in the prognosis of stress-related diseases and disorders, and therapy guidance. Moreover, different components have been identified as potent mediators of cardiovascular, central nervous system, hepatic, and nephrological disorders, which can also be employed to evaluate these conditions precisely, but with stringent validation and specificity. Considerable scientific advances have been made in the detection, quantitation, and application of these biomarkers. The present review describes the current progress of identifying biomarkers, their prognostic, and therapeutic values.

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“…Treatment by antibiotics as the only therapeutic strategy for CCPP is not a viable option due to the persistence of Mccp pathogens in treated animals, which act as disease carriers [5,41]. Besides, large-scale and repeated antibiotic treatments of herds cause economic constraints for farmers due to the expense and concerns for antibiotic resistance [4,5,14,27,40,42,43]. Hence, the role of prophylactics, such as vaccines, is becoming imperative under the current scenario in order to prevent CCPP outbreaks and control its spread [2,41,44].…”

Section: Need For Ccpp Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Candidates for Vaccine Development Against Mycoplasma Capricolum Subspecies Capripneumoniae (Mccp)—Current Knowledge and Future Prospects

et al. 2019

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Exploration of novel candidates for vaccine development against Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp), the causative agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), has recently gained immense importance due to both the increased number of outbreaks and the alarming risk of transboundary spread of disease. Treatment by antibiotics as the only therapeutic strategy is not a viable option due to pathogen persistence, economic issues, and concerns of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, prophylactics or vaccines are becoming important under the current scenario. For quite some time inactivated, killed, or attenuated vaccines proved to be beneficial and provided good immunity up to a year. However, their adverse effects and requirement for larger doses led to the need for production of large quantities of Mccp. This is challenging because the required culture medium is costly and Mycoplasma growth is fastidious and slow. Furthermore, quality control is always an issue with such vaccines. Currently, novel candidate antigens including capsular polysaccharides (CPS), proteins, enzymes, and genes are being evaluated for potential use as vaccines. These have shown potential immunogenicity with promising results in eliciting protective immune responses. Being easy to produce, specific, effective and free from side effects, these novel vaccine candidates can revolutionize vaccination against CCPP. Use of novel proteomic approaches, including sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectroscopy, fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), bioinformatics, computerized simulation and genomic approaches, including multilocus sequence analysis, next-generation sequencing, basic local alignment search tool (BLAST), gene expression, and recombinant expression, will further enable recognition of ideal antigenic proteins and virulence genes with vaccination potential.

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Comparative evaluation of different therapeutic protocols for contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in Himalayan Pashmina goats

Cited by 7 publications

References 63 publications

Development and Evaluation of an Immuno-Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Quantify the Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) Protein in Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) Vaccine

Development and Evaluation of an Immuno-Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Quantify the Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) Protein in Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) Vaccine

Biomarkers in Stress Related Diseases/Disorders: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Values

Novel Candidates for Vaccine Development Against Mycoplasma Capricolum Subspecies Capripneumoniae (Mccp)—Current Knowledge and Future Prospects

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