Comparative Evaluation of Deacidification Processes

Katuščák, Svetozár

doi:10.5771/9783465137283-149

Cited by 5 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…The results show that this form of deacidification is less effective or even ineffective in comparison to other tested deacidification treatments. Although the pH and alkaline reserve values reached good values, after deacidification, the spray suspension did not increase the mechanical paper permanence of the model paper containing wood (Katuscak et al 2012).…”

Section: Degradation Of Papermentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The dispersion methods of deacidification are generally much less effective in comparison to deacidification in homogeneous solutions (Hubbe et al 2017;Katuscak et al 2012;Ramin et al 2009) due to a better penetration of both the macroscopic paper matrix with its large pores and voids, which some dispersion methods are able to reach (Potthast and Ahn 2017), and the cellulose fibers with its much smaller pores, which homogenous reagent solutions can enter; however, dispersed particles fail to access due to their sheer size. The results of the SEM-EDS analysis, the research by Ramin et al (2009) and our previous study (Malešič et al 2021a, b), show that most of the Mg-rich particles are unable to penetrate the paper matrix even after Bookkeeper deacidification treatment.…”

Section: Degradation Of Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reasons for the discrepancies in the Bookkeeper treatment efficiency between different studies (Buchanan et al 1994;Balažic et al 2007;Ramin et al 2009;Katuscak et al 2012;Malešič et al 2021a, b) are most likely due to the very different properties of the model papers compared to historical papers. We have shown in the previous chapter that the alkaline reserve contents in the papers with similar compositions and comparable pH values can be completely different after the mass deacidification process because the results of the treatment also depend on the properties of a paper, such as porosity, thickness, sizing, coating, etc.…”

Section: Degradation Of Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar results were obtained by Balažic et al (2007), who showed that Bookkeeper treatment would extend the usable life of paper by a factor of 3.3 ± 0.9, which also meets the Library of Congress standards, an important Bookkeeper user basic preservation requirement to extend the usable life of paper by a factor of over 3 (Library of Congress). In contrast, other results have shown that the treatment was less effective or even ineffective in increasing the mechanical permanence of the model paper containing groundwood pulp (Katuscak et al 2012). In addition to the differences in the results of the efficiency of the treatment, the main drawback of the evaluations mentioned above is because the tests were carried out on a limited number of model paper samples, usually blank sheets of diverse paper types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A recent evaluation of the ZfB2 process, introduced in Germany, was performed (Potthast and Ahn 2017), while no recent investigations have been carried out on Bookkeeper deacidification treatment, which is the most widely used deacidification process. A comprehensive study of its efficiency was conducted at the beginning of the 1990s (Buchanan et al 1994), and its efficiency was evaluated during the PaperTreat project (Balažic et al 2007) by Ramin et al (2009) and the KnihaSK Consortium (Katuscak et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Bookkeeper mass deacidification based on historical book papers

2022

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Bookkeeper, the most widely used deacidification process based on MgO particles, was systematically evaluated on two sets of nonvaluable historical paper samples. Established analytical methods, such as pH and alkaline reserve determination, were used, as well as SEM EDS analyses to evaluate the distribution of Mg-rich particles on the paper surface and in the cross-section of the paper. The degradation rate constants of untreated and deacidified paper samples after accelerated thermal degradation were calculated based on weight average molecular mass determination to evaluate the lifetime extension of paper. The efficiency factors determined after accelerated thermal degradation of untreated and treated paper showed that paper lifetime prolongation after Bookkeeper deacidification treatment is highly limited for most of the investigated paper samples. No correlation was found between the alkaline reserve content or the pH and the degradation rate constants of the deacidified paper samples, but the paper degradation rate correlated with the paper samples pH before deacidification treatment. SEM EDS analysis showed that Mg-rich particles remained on the paper surface, which explains the limited effectiveness of the treatment. Graphical abstract

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Section: Degradation Of Papermentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Degradation Of Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Degradation Of Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of Bookkeeper mass deacidification based on historical book papers

2022

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Deacidification of acidic books and paper by means of non-aqueous dispersions of alkaline particles: A review focusing on completeness of the reaction

Hubbe

Smith²,

Zou

et al. 2017

BioRes

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Deacidification refers to chemical treatments meant to slow down the acid hydrolysis and embrittlement of books and paper documents that had been printed on acidic paper. From the early 1800s up to about 1990, papermakers used aluminum sulfate, an acidic compound, in most printing papers. Certain deacidification methods use non-aqueous media to distribute alkaline mineral particles such as MgO within the pages of the treated books. Evidence is considered here as to whether or not the proximity of alkaline particles within such documents is sufficient to neutralize the acidic species present. Because much evidence suggests incomplete neutralization, a second focus concerns what to do next in cases where books already have been treated with a non-aqueous dispersion system. Based on the literature, the neutralization of acidic species within such paper can be completed by partial moistening, by high humidity and pressure, by water condensation, as well as by optional treatments to enhance paper strength and a final drying step.

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Nonaqueous solution deacidification treatments to prolong the storage life of acidic books: A review of mechanistic and process aspects

Hubbe

Henniges

Potthast

et al. 2018

BioRes

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According to published studies, certain nonaqueous solution-based treatments can be highly effective for prolonging the useful lives of bound volumes, within which the paper had been formed under acidic papermaking conditions. Such treatments, which typically use reactive alkoxide-based organometallic compounds dissolved in low-surface-tension liquids, have been shown to decrease the tendency of the paper to become brittle during long storage or during accelerated aging. This article reviews published evidence concerning the underlying mechanisms of such treatments. Evidence suggests that dissolved alkoxides and related carbonated alkoxide-based compounds are able to react directly with acidic species within acidic paper during treatment of books. Such reactions help explain the demonstrated effectiveness of nonaqueous solution-based deacidification treatments.

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Comparative Evaluation of Deacidification Processes

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of Bookkeeper mass deacidification based on historical book papers

Evaluation of Bookkeeper mass deacidification based on historical book papers

Deacidification of acidic books and paper by means of non-aqueous dispersions of alkaline particles: A review focusing on completeness of the reaction

Nonaqueous solution deacidification treatments to prolong the storage life of acidic books: A review of mechanistic and process aspects

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