Comparative energy performance analysis of micro gas turbine and internal combustion engine in a cogeneration plant based on biomass gasification

How to Compute Whether Biomass Fuels Are Carbon Neutral

“…Given its immediate technological availability [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], biomass energy has been playing a key practical role for decades already, and was conceptually supported by the traditional assumption of its carbon neutrality: under sustainable conditions, carbon dioxide emitted during combustion was held to be equal to its absorption during plant growth [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. However, in order to clarify conditions of carbon (C) neutrality quantitatively and more reliably [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31], it became necessary to model the annual natural C cycle globally and to consider its changes as a result of steadily growing large-scale biomass strategies [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Because a recent publication [41] found much interest in readership, this article dwells still deeper into the dynamism of C flows and their alterations after biomass fuel extraction from the natural C cycle.…”

Analysis and Optimization of the Fuel Consumption of an Internal Combustion Vehicle by Minimizing the Parasitic Power in the Cooling System

“…During the test, exhaust gases from the vehicle's exhaust are collected in sampling balloons (watertight bags) and subsequently analyzed to obtain pollutant emission levels following NBR 6601 and fuel consumption by NBR 7024 [29]. The consumption value (in L/100 km) is determined through the masses of HC, CO, CO 2 , and unburned ethanol based on the carbon balance calculation according to Equation (1)…”

“…The historical development of combustion engines has been marked by increased power density, torque, and working rotation speeds, which have led to higher thermal rejection. To maintain efficient and safe operation, the propulsion components within the system must reach their ideal working temperatures quickly [1]. In this way, the aim is to avoid high temperatures, which can cause detonation problems or require engine protection strategies, and low temperatures, which result in higher lubricant viscosity and increased losses due to internal friction [2].…”