Comparative efficiencies of photothermal destruction of malignant cells using antibody-coated silica@Au nanoshells, hollow Au/Ag nanospheres and Au nanorods

Abstract

Three Au-based nanomaterials (silica@Au nanoshells, hollow Au/Ag nanospheres and Au nanorods) were evaluated for their comparative photothermal efficiencies at killing three types of malignant cells (A549 lung cancer cells, HeLa cervix cancer cells and TCC bladder cancer cells) using a CW NIR laser. Photodestructive efficiency was evaluated as a function of the number of nanoparticles required to destroy the cancer cells under 808 nm laser wavelength at fixed laser power. Of the three nanomaterials, silica@Au nanoshells needed the minimum number of particles to produce effective photodestruction, whereas Au nanorods needed the largest number of particles. Together with the calculated photothermal conversion efficiency, the photothermal efficiency rankings are silica@Au nanoshells > hollow Au/Ag nanospheres > Au nanorods. Additionally, we found that HeLa cells seem to present better heat tolerance than the other two cancer cell lines.

Conductive polymer-based nanoparticles for laser-mediated photothermal ablation of cancer: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation

“…While the PTT conversion efficiency of certain types of GNPs has been previously defined, 23,25,34 to the best of our knowledge, there have not been any studies that compare the PTT conversion efficiency of GNPs to those of CPNPs. As per our results, both P1-PMD and PEDOT-PMD have PTT conversion efficiencies 50% (Figure 3).…”

“…Pattani and Tunnell reported PTT conversion efficiencies of ~25% and 50% for PEGylated GNSs and GNRs. 23 In comparison, Cheng et al reported PTT conversion efficiencies of 2.5% and 8.25% for non-PEGylated GNRs and GNSs; 34 however, these studies utilized a different method for the calculation of PTT conversion efficiency. In our work, non-PEGylated GNSs and PEGylated GNRs showed PTT conversion efficiencies of 27% and 33%, respectively.…”

Barium titanate core – gold shell nanoparticles for hyperthermia treatments

“…Since initial introduction of laser to hyperthermia, recent investigations in nanotechnology have generally focused on developing nanostructures with special optical properties that are appropriate for laser-induced hyperthermia, specifically metal nanostructures that demonstrate strong optical coupling of their plasmons with the laser light. [8][9][10][11][12][13] The wavelength at which the surface plasmons resonate with the incident light (surface plasmon resonance), as well as the relative contribution of absorption or scattering to the total extinction spectra of the nanoparticles, strongly depends on the shape, size, type of metal, and surrounding dielectric environment, [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] as well as on the particle orientation and interparticle interactions. 20 An increase in the size of the nanoparticles results in an increase of the extinction crosssection and the relative contribution of scattering to the total optical extinction.…”

Study of novel nanoparticle transport and drug release for cancer treatment.

“…For example, silica-gold nanoshells are composed a dielectric silica core with an outer metallic shell of gold, and have been studied extensively for applications in lung cancer [230,231]. They are optically tunable for specific applications, as the maximum wavelength and hydrodynamic size can be altered chemically by altering the thickness of the outer metallic shell.…”

“…In the process of photothermal therapy, electromagnetic radiation from the laser is absorbed by the nanoparticles and transformed into heat, resulting in irreversible damage to the target tissue and triggering cell death [234].…”