Comparative Efficacy of Three Low - dose Isotretinoin Regimens in Treatment of Mild to Moderate Acne Vulgaris on the Face in Tertiary Care Institute

Abstract

Background: Acne is a disease that affects almost 100% of the population. The clinical presentation ranges from comedones, papules, pustules and nodules. Various systemic treatment modalities like oral antibiotics, retinoids, hormonal therapy and corticosteroids, are available with varied benefits and side effects. Aims: To study and compare the efficacy and safety profile of three low dose isotretinoin regimens in the treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris. Methods: 75 patients having mild to moderate acne vulgaris were randomized into three different low dose isotretinoin regimens. Each was consisting of 25 patients. Group A was prescribed 5 mg, Group B 10 mg and Group C 20 mg isotretinoin for 4 months. Clinical improvement and side effects were recorded. Results: All regimens showed clinical improvement in 4 months of therapy. Isotretinoin 20 mg was found to be superior in later half of therapy. But isotretinoin 10 mg and 20 mg both were statistically equally efficacious in mild to moderate acne vulgaris. Side effects were higher in Group C as compared to Group A and B. Conclusion: We conclude that all three low dose regimens were efficacious in mild to moderate acne vulgaris. Isotretinoin 10 mg was found to be an effective and safe treatment option in such cases.